Age physiology and school hygiene

5В010500 - Defectology

Age physiology and school hygiene

Күндізгі 4 жыл 2 курс

Eng

Тебенова Қ.С.

The law is understood as heterochrony

A) The reliability of the biological system

B) The process of quantitative growth of the organism

C)& Non-simultaneous development of individual organs and body systems

D) The qualitative development of the organism

E) The dependence of growth on the floor

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To basic conformities to law of height and development of organism of children and teenagers does not behave

A) Biological reliability of the functional systems and organism on the whole

B) Unevenness of rates of height and development of organs and physiological systems of organism

C) Non-simultaneous of development of separate organs and systems of organism

D)& The quality process of development of organism

E) Conditionality of height and development by sex of child

*****

Law of P.K. Anokhin testifies to

A) Of biological reliability of the functional systems and organism on the whole

B) The quantitative process of height of organism

C) Of acceleration

D)& Of non-simultaneous of development of separate organs and systems of organism

E) Of dependence of height and development from the features of environment

*****

An acceleration is understood as

A) Conditionality of height and development by sex of child

B) Unevenness of rates of height and development of organs and physiological systems of organism

C) Non-simultaneous of development of separate organs and systems of organism

D)& Passing in a height and development of present generation of children by comparison to the past generation of children and teenagers

E) Biological reliability of the functional systems and organism on the whole

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The Law on the biological safety of functional systems and the whole organism adopted scientist

A)& A.A.Markosyan

B) P.K.Anohin

C) I.P.Mechnikov

D) I.A.Arshavsky

E) G.Grimm

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To assess anthropometric indices of physical development concerns

A) Heart rate

B) The frequency of respiratory movements

C)& Chest Circumference

D) Blood pressure

E) The shape of the chest

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System of cages and extracellular structures, having a common structure and, performing the certain duty name

A) By gland

B) By system of organs

C)& By tussue

D) By organ

E) By hormone

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Depending on the location of receptors, there is an answer on the irritation of that, distinguish

A) Сonditioned reflexes

B) Reference reflexes

C)& Exteroceptive reflexes

D) Defensive reflexes

E) Unconditioned reflexes

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Department presynaptic synapse contains

A) Microfibrils

B)& Mediators

C) Chloride ions

D) Organelles

E) Lipid

*****

There are kernels of next pairs of craniocerebral nerves in an oblong brain

A)& IX Pair - glossopharyngeal nerve

B) VII pair - facial and intermediate nerve

C) V pair - trigeminal

D) IV pair - block nerve

E) III pair – the oculomotor nerve

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How many departments are distinguished in a cerebrum

A) Three departments

B)& Five department

C) Six departments

D) Four departments

E) Seven departments

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A sensory visual zone is situated in the next department of cerebrum

A) To the frontal stake of area

B) To the temporal stake of area

C)& To the cervical stake of area

D) To the parietal stake of area

E) The medulla oblongata

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What shell is included in the structure of eye

A)& Vascular

B) Epithelial

C) Myelin

D) Muscular

E) Vitreous gel

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Refractive force eyes express in next units

A) Bells

B) Decibells

C)& Diopters

D) Percents

E) Quantum

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The basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system is

A) Nephron

B) Axon

C) & Neuron

D) Dendrite

E) Neyrogoliya

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Neurons that convey the excitement of the central nervous system to innervate the body called

A)& Motor

B) Afferent

C) Intermediate

D) The centripetal

E) Sensitive

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Which endocrine gland is a regulator of the functions of all other glands

A) Thyroid

B) The adrenal glands

C)& Pituitary

D) Pancreas

E) The thymus

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Symptoms cretinism observed in the following states

A) Hyperactivity neurohypophysis

B) Pancreatic hypofunction

C)& Hypothyroidism

D) Adrenal Hyperactivity

E) Hypofunction of the parathyroid glands

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The process is called metabolic

A) Anabolism

B) Dissimilation

C) Catabolism

D)& Metabolism

E) Assimilation

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Select in what part of the gastrointestinal tract there is a basic nutrient absorption

A) Oral cavity

B) Stomach

C) Esophagus

D)& Small Intestinee

E) Large intestine

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Pneumatic pathways of the respiratory system include

A) The larynx, trachea, esophagus,

B) Nasopharyngeal trachea, lungs

C) The nasal cavity, trachea, lungs

D) The nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, lungs

E)& Nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchii

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Under homeostasis understood

A) Persistence hard constants of liquids

B) Increased heart rate

C)& Relative constancy of morphological structure and physico-chemical properties of the internal environmentt

D) The polarization of the internal cell wall

E) The depolarization of the cell membrane

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Age physiology science studies

A) Structure of human physiology and

B) Structure and function of human organs and systems

C) Age-related structural features of the child's body

D) Age characteristics of the nervous system

E)& Age characteristics of the function of organs and systems of the child's bodyy

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Under the basic exchange is understood

A) Metabolism during and after physical exertion

B) Metabolism during and after a meal

C) Metabolism during mental stress

D)& Metabolism in the morning on an empty stomach, lying down, at a temperature of comfortt

E) Metabolism during sleep

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Under the eye accommodation understood

A)& Accommodation eyes to the clear vision of the different distance of objectss

B) Focus the image before the retina

C) Focus the image behind the retina

D) Myopia

E) The ability of the eye to light and color perception

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Treat antroposcopyan indicators of an assessment of physical development

A) Heart rate

B) Frequency of respiratory movements

C)& Shape of feet

D) Growth

E) Weight

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Intercellular substance called next

A) Organelles

B) Myelin

C) Liberiny

D)& Gliaa

E) Neuron

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The origin of all reflexes are divided into

A) Conditioned and Unconditioned

B) The sex, food, defense

C)& Exsteroreceptive, proprioceptive, interoreceptive

D) Ecretory, motor

E) Afferent and efferent

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Are the vital centers (respiration, regulation of the cardiovascular system, digestive system, etc.) located in

A) Spinal cord

B) Of the midbrain

C)& The reticular formation of the medulla oblongata

D) Diencephalon

E) Of the thalamus

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Quadrigemina located next section

A) Of the medulla oblongata

B)& Midbrain

C) Of the cerebellum

D) Diencephalon

E) The cerebral cortex of the brain

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Mediator is nervous system of the sympathetic

A) Acetylcholine

B) Thyroxine

C) Statin

D)& Adrenaline

E) Releasing factor

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The zone is located in the olfactory sensations

A) Frontal area

B) The temporal lobe area

C) Occipital lobe region

D) The parietal lobe region

E)& Pres and piriform cortex area of hippocampal gyrus

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The space is filled between the lens and the retina

A) Of tear fluid

B) Electrolyte solution

C) Of blood plasma

D)& Vitreous body

E) Moisture

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Refractive properties is called of the normal eye

A) Emmetropia

B) Astigmatism

C) Accomodation

D)& Refraction

E) Hyperopia

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The composition of the nervous tissue comprises

A)& Neurons and neuroglia

B) Synapses and neural processes

C) Neuron and synapse

D) Myelinated nerve fibers

E) Non- myelinated nerve fibers

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Neurons that carry the excitement of the receptors in the CNS are called

A)& Afferent

B) Centrifugal

C) Contact

D) Motor

E) The efferent

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The hormone thyroxine is produced in the following hardware

A)& Thyroid

B) The adrenal glands

C) Pituitary

D) Pancreas

E) The thymus

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Symptoms of Graves' disease observed with

A) Hyperactivity neurohypophysis

B) Pancreatic hypofunction

C)& Hypothyroidism

D) Hyperthyroidism

E) Hypofunction of the parathyroid glands

******

Fat is split into the following substances

A) Amino acids

B) Disaccharides and monosaccharides

C) Monosaccharides

D)& Glycerine and fatty acids

E) Nucleoproteins

******

Mechanical crushing of the implementation of food in the next part of the gastrointestinal tract

A)& Mouth

B) Stomach

C) Esophagus

D) Small intestine

E) Ileum

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By the function of the blood does not apply next function

A) Safety

B) Respiratory

C)& Reference

D) Regulative

E) Transport

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Under nitrogen balance understand

A) The amount entered in the diet of nitrogen equal to the amount of protein synthesized

B) The amount entered in the diet of nitrogen greater than selected

C) The amount entered in the diet of nitrogen is less than the selected

D)& Number entered in the diet of nitrogen equals the number selected

E) The amount of protein metabolized by cells

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The primary urine is formed in the next section of the nephron

A) During the kidney cortex department

B) In the brain department of the kidney

C) The system convoluted tubules

D)& The glomerular apparatus

E) Into the collecting tube

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Girdle consists of the following bones

A) The sternum, ribs, thoracic spine

B)& Humerus, radius and ulna, hand bones.

C) The clavicle and scapula

D) The first and second cervical vertebrae

E) Femur

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By the blood corpuscles are

A) Neurons

B)& Leukocytes

C) Ependimocytes

D) Epitheliocytes

E) Myofibrils

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By physiometric indicators include assessment of physical development

A) Growth

B) Weight

C) Head circumference

D)& Lung capacity

E) Skin condition

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The location of the stratum of the squamous epithelium in the body is

A) Stomach

B) Of the cornea

C)& Skin surface

D) Airways

E) The bodies of the excretory system

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Axosomatic synapse is formed

A) Neuron axons and dendrites

B) Axons and axon of a neuron

C) Dendrites and the body of a neuron

D)& Neuron axons and body.

E) The body of one neuron and the body of another neuron

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The structure of the white substance of the spinal cord includes

A) Myofibrils

B) The bodies of neurons

C) Cytoplasmic

D)& Scion of neurons

E) Reflex way

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The amount of air that a person can exhale after maximum inhalation, called

A) Lung capacity

B) Reserve amount

C)& Additional volume

D) The air is "dead" space

E) Residual volume

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The technique of record of bioelectric activity of a brain received the name

A) Electrocardiography

B) Rheography

C) & Electroencephalography

D) Electromyography

E) Electrohepatography

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The concept of "analyzer" was first introduced in physiology

A) N.E.Vvedensky

B) I.M.Sechenov

C)& I.P.Pavlov

D) G.Helmholtz

E) A.A.Ukhtomski

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When hypothyroidism that occurs in early childhood, there is a development of symptoms

A) Acromegaly

B) Graves' disease

C) Myxedema

D)& Cretinism

E) Exophthalmic goiter

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Rays coming from the object, converge on the retina at

A)& Emmetropia

B) Myopia

C) Hyperopia

D) Accommodation

E) Astigmatism

******

Synapse – it is

A) Strong branching process

B) The body of the nerve cell

C) A long, low branching process

D)& Location contact one neuron to another

E) Place the end of a nerve branching process

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The response of the body to stimulation of receptors, carried out with the participation of the central nervous system called

A) Reflex arc

B) Temporarily reflex

C)& Reflexes

D) Central reflex time

E) Synapse

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If any of the following gland develops the disease acromegaly (an increase in the feet and hands, soft tissues)

A) Thyroid

B) The adrenal glands

C) The thymus

D) Pancreas

E)& Pituitary

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Tetany - seizures of the tonic convulsions observed with

A) Hyperfunction of the neurohypophysis

B) Hypofunction of the pancreatic

C) Hypofunction of the thyroid

D) Hyperfunction of the adrenal gland

E)& Hypofunction of the parathyroid glands

*****

Carbohydrates are split into the following final substance

A) Amino acids

B) Polysaccharides

C)& Simple sugars

D) Glycerin and fatty acids

E) Nucleoproteins

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The main protein cleavage is carried out in the following part of the digestive tract

A) Oral cavity

B)& Stomach

C) Esophagus

D) Small intestine

E) Ileum

*****

Minute volume of breath - it

A) The amount of air that can be inhaled after a deep exhalation

B) The amount of air that you can exhale after a deep breath

C) The amount of air that a person breathes during the day

D) The amount of air that a person breathes per minute

E)& Quantity of air that a person at rest inhales and exhales per minute

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Blood - a body fluid, which comprises

A) Hemoglobin, plasma and leukocytes

B) Epithelial, globulins and corpuscles

C)& Plasma, lymph and corpuscless

D) Corpuscles and plasma

E) Cells and glia

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By the uniform system of allocation does not apply

A) The kidneys

B) Lungs

C) Skin

D) The salivary and mammary glands

E)& Liver

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It does not apply to important functions of the blood system

A)& Reference

B) Transport

C) Regulatory

D) Breathing

E) Protective

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The lack of oxygen in the body and in tissues called

A) Hypoxemia

B)& Hypoxia

C) Asphyxia

D) Hypocapnia

E) Hypercapnia

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The law of the heterochrony of Anokhin is

A) Depending on the growth and development of the floor

B) Depending on the growth and development of genetic factors

C)& The arbitrary in the growth and development of organs and systems

D) Depending on the growth and development from factors of the environment

E) In the biological reliability of functional systems

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Myelin or meat is

A) Neuron

B) Axolemma

C) Axons

D)& Nerve fiber

E) The body of a neuron

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The gray substance of the spinal cord is formed

A)& Bodies of neurons

B) Processes of the neuron

C) Nerve fibers

D) Neuroglia

E) Nodes of Ranvier

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Eosinophils is cells belonging to Groups

A) Erythrocytes

B) Platelet

C) Myofibrils

D)& Leukocyte

E) Lymphocytes

*****

Auditory sensory area is located in the following areas of the brain

A) Frontal lobe

B)& Temporal lobe

C) Occipital lobe area

D) The parietal lobe

E) Of the medulla oblongata

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Receptors to form the next analyzers

A) Central

B) Intermediate

C) Conductor

D)& Peripheral

E) Cortical

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The saliva contains enzymes

A) Pepsin

B) Chymosin

C) Trypsin

D)& Amylase

E) Chymotrypsin

*****

Brain and spinal cord is a department

A) The peripheral nervous system

B) The somatic nervous system

C)& The central nervous system

D) The autonomic nervous system

E) The sympathetic nervous system

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A characteristic feature of the structure of the neuron is the presence in its cytoplasm

A) Nucleus

B) Endoplasmic reticulum

C)& Tigroid substance

D) Golgi body

E) Gliofibrill

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Endocrine secret is

A) Saliva

B) A liquid sweat

C) Of tear fluid

D)& Hormone

E) Protein

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Specify the anterior pituitary hormone of the following hormones

A)& Vasopressin

B) Somatotropin hormone

C) Intermedin

D) Calcitonin

E) Adrenaline

*****

Symptoms of diabetes observed with

A) Insufficiency of a glucagon

B) Insufficiency of a parathyroid hormone

C)& Insufficiency of a insulin

D) Insufficiency of a oxytocin

E) Generating excess prolactin

*****

Upon cleavage of proteins formed following substances

A)& Aminoacids

B) Disaccharides and simple sugars

C) Simple sugars

D) Glycerine

E) Fatty acid

*****

Lipolysis is carried out in the next part of the gastrointestinal tract

A) Oral cavity

B) Stomach

C) Esophagus

D)& Duodenum

E) Ileum

*****

By the process of respiration is not the next step

A) The exchange of gases in the tissues

B) The exchange of gases between the respiratory system and the external environment

C) Gas exchange in the lungs

D)& Exchange gases in the blood

E) The exchange of gases in the tissues

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The relative constancy of morphological structure and physico-chemical properties of the internal environment is called

A)& Homeostasis

B) Hemostasis

C) Assimilation

D) Hemagglutination

E) Clearance

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The next of the following does not apply to hormones HCG neurohypophysis

A) Luteinizing

B)& Adrenocorticotropin

C) Lyuteotropin

D) Folliculostimulin

E) Prolactin

*****

Metabolism regarded as

A) The process of assimilation

B) The process of dissimilation

C) The process of assimilation and anabolism

D)& Process of anabolism and catabolism

E) The process of dissimilation and catabolism

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Blood is a body fluid, consisting of

A) Formed elements and plasma

B) Epithelial cells and globulins corpuscles

C) Cells and glia

D) Hemoglobin, plasma and white blood cells

E)& Plasma, lymph and formed element

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The increase in anthropometrical indicators, the accelerated completion of development is called

A) Retardation

B)& Acceleration

C) Heteroсhrony

D) Ontogenesis

E) Hypertrophy

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Don't belong to cage organelles

A) Ribosomes

B) The Golgi apparatus

C) Mitochondrions

D) Lysosomes

E)& Miofibrilla

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The main properties of nervous fibers

A) High excitability and lability

B) Relative not fatigue

C) Communication with a organule

D)& High speed of carrying out excitementt

E) Polarization of a membrane

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The following function belongs to functions of a spinal cord

A) Transportation

B) Secretory

C) The reflex

D)& The respiratory

E) The protective

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Hypothalamus is

A)& Visual tuber

B) Behind tuber area

C) Under tuber area

D) Above tuber area

E) Near tuber area

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The zone of flavoring feelings settles down in the following area

A)& In the lower part of the post-central crinklee

B) In a temporal part

C) In an occipital part

D) In a cerebellum

E) In a Hypothalamus

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Photoreceptors of the visual analyzer can be distinguished in the following part

A) The central

B) The intermediate

C) The conduction

D)& Peripheral

E) The cortical

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Ability of an eye to see objects at uniquely distance is called

A) Astigmatism

B) Refraction

C)& Accommodation

D) Metropy

E) Hypermetropy

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The somatic nervous system innervates

A) Smooth muscles of vessels and skin

B) Endocrine glands

C) Internals

D)& Skeletal muscles

E) Eliminative organs

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By quantity neurons with one shoot are called

A)& The unipolar

B) The multipolar

C) The efferent

D) Inserted, intermediate

E) The bipolar

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Hormone neurohypophysis is the next of the following hormones

A) Vasopressin

B)& Growth Hormone

C) Intermedin

D) Calcitonin

E) Adrenaline

*****

Of these substances synthesized fats

A) Amino acids

B) Disaccharides and monosaccharide

C) Monosaccharide

D)& Glycerine and fatty acids

E) Nucleoproteins

*****

Ph-reaction of the blood

A)& Slightly alkaline 7.36

B) Neutral 7

C) Slightly acid 6.8

D) Alkaline 12.36

E) Acid 4.36

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At the heart of urine formation is the next of the following physiological processes

A) Intestinal absorption

B) Synthesis of urinary substances

C)& Tubular secretion

D) Depolarization

E) Reflex

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The medical term used to describe the symptom of breathlessness called

A) Hypoxemia

B) Hypoxia

C)& Asphyxia

D) Hypocapnia

E) Hypercapnia

*****

The peculiarities of the second signal system

A) The reaction of specific signals external and internal environment

B)& Arises on the basis of the first signal system.

C) The concrete thinking

D) The reaction is related to the stem part of the brain and spinal cord

E) The reaction is associated with activation of the diencephalon

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