c entral to the concept of ethnicity is the idea that belonging to one group or .another 5omehow informs theway. Others perceive us, but, perhaps even..more 'Importantiy, how we_5.ee__ourselves.

Identity issues

c entral to the concept of ethnicity is the idea that belonging to one group or.another 5omehow informs the...way. Others perceive us, but, perhaps even..more 'Importantiy, how we_5.ee__ourselves. The right to self-determination of identity has become a political adage in modern America. Consequently, minority ethnic groups.have long been.in a positiori_i;.CL-dic£.ate to other ^er£caiVS~"'how"they"wish to be referred to as a group.......

However, controversy remains, because group._.identity. is nege-r clear-cut. For example, Native Americans do not necessarily think of themselves as belonging to the same group, for tribacuTtures~~h a cT"de veloped "along "separate lines for thousands of years before Columbus first set his foot on the American continent. The various tribes often had as little in common as citizens_of.nations"'"oii"'opposite sides pf a 'continenfl WfceWTseT^-people classified" Is""hispanics" come from a variety of separate cultures. It is not immediately clear what "hispanics" have in common other than often distant ties to one or more Spanish-speaking North American culture.

So who gets to name these groups? Should they even be referred to by the same name? And what happens when members of the majority group, people who have usually been thought of only as "white" Americans, start questioning the assumption that all whites can be subsumed under one label? What if we enter other dividers such as the concept of class into the equation?

Additional material

1 Identity

Mistaken identity, 6

Answers

a) The man has just put his children to bed and is creeping back downstairs so he doesn't wake them up.

b) The man has gone in to buy a surprise birthday present for his wife and has just bumped into a friend of hers.

c) The 'thug' has noticed that something is about to fall from the building site. He's about to push the businessman out of the way so he doesn't get hurt.

1 Identity

Introduction, 2

Answers

a) Sean Connery

b) Marilyn Monroe

c) Margaret Thatcher

d) Bill Clinton

AofTiCi^-wjytjtity

1 Identity

The gender gap, 3 Student A

1 Make notes on the following:

a) What Martians value

b) How they experience fulfilment

LIFE ON MARS

c) How their clothes reflect their value system

d) What they are interested in

e) What they take pride in

f) What most annoys them

2 Taste

Introduction, 2

Answers

a) baked beans: Nicholas

b) cauliflower: Melody

c) a bar of chocolate: Zena

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d) nuts: David

Martians value power, competency, efficiency, and achievement. They are always doing things to prove themselves and develop their power and skills. Their sense of self is defined through their ability to achieve results. They experience fulfilment primarily through success and accomplishment.

A man's sense of self is defined through his ability to achieve results.

5 Everything on Mars is a reflection of these values. Even their dress is designed -to reflect their skills and competence. Police officers, soldiers, businessmen, scientists, cab drivers, technicians, and chefs all wear uniforms or at least hats to reflect their competence and power.

They don't read magazines like Psychology Today, Self, or People. They are more 10 concerned with outdoor activities, like hunting, fishing, and racing cars. They are interested in the news, weather, and sports and couldn't care less about romance novels and self-help books.

They are more interested in 'objects' and 'things' rather than people and feelings. Even today on Earth, while women fantasize about romance, men fantasize about 15 powerful cars, faster computers, gadgets, gizmos, and new powerful technology. Men are preoccupied with the 'things' that can help them express power by creating results and achieving their goals.

Achieving goals is very important to a Martian because it is a way for him to prove his competence and thus feel good about himself. And for him to feel good 20 about himself he must achieve these goals by himself. Someone else can't achieve them for him. Martians pride themselves in doing things all by themselves. Autonomy is a symbol of efficiency, power and competence.

Understanding this Martian characteristic can help women understand why men resist so much being corrected or being told what to do. To offer a man unsolicited 25 advice is to presume that he doesn't know what to do or that he can't do it on his own. Men are very touchy about this, because the issue of competence is so very important to them.

Because he is handling his problems on his own, a Martian rarely talks about his problems unless he needs expert advice. He reasons: 'Why involve someone else 30 when I can do it by myself?' He keeps his problems to himself unless he requires help from another to find a solution. Asking for help when you can do it yourself is perceived as a sign of weakness.

2 When you have finished, turn back to page 8.

(From Men Are From Mars. Women Are From Venus, by John Gray, Ph.D.)

3 City

Where in the world?, 2 Clue 1

The texts describe five cities from the list below:

Bangkok, Budapest, London, Madrid, Moscow, New York, Paris, Prague, Rome, Tokyo

Look at page 138 if you need another clue.

5 Luck

Winning the big one. Lexis, 2

Answers

(l)c (2) b (3)b (4) a (5) a (6)b (7) c (8) b

7 Review 1

Relative & participle clauses, 2

Answer

Deeply in love. The tank was full of sharks, not tropical fish!

1 Identity

The gender gap, 3 Student B

1 Make notes on the following:

a) What Venusians value

b) How they experience fulfilment

c) How their dress reflects their value system

d) What they are interested in and concerned with

e) What they take pride in

J \ K J '

LIFE ON VENUS__________________________________

Venusians have different values. They value love, communication, beauty, and relationships. They spend a lot of time supporting, helping, and nurturing one another. Their sense of self is defined through their feelings and the quality of their relationships. They experience fulfilment through sharing and relating.

A woman's sense of self is defined through her feelings and the quality of her relationships.

5 Everything on Venus reflects these values. Rather than building highways and tall buildings, the Venusians are more concerned with living in harmony, community, and loving cooperation. Relationships are more important than work and technology. In most ways their world is the opposite of Mars. They do not wear uniforms like Martians (to reveal their competence). On the 10 contrary, they enjoy wearing a different outfit every day, according to how they are feeling. Personal expression, especially of feelings, is very important. They may even change outfits several times a day as their mood changes.

Communication is of primary importance. To share their personal feelings is much more important than achieving goals and success. Talking and relating to 15 one another is a source of tremendous fulfilment.

This is hard for a man to comprehend. He can come close to understanding a woman's experience of sharing and relating by comparing it to the satisfaction he feels when he wins a race, achieves a goal, or solves a problem. Instead of being goal oriented, women are relationship oriented; they are more 20 concerned with expressing their goodness, love, and caring. Two Martians go to lunch to discuss a project or business goal; they have a problem to solve. In addition, Martians view going to a restaurant as an efficient way to approach food: no shopping, no cooking, and no washing dishes. For Venusians, going to lunch is an opportunity to nurture a relationship, for both giving support to and receiving 25 support from a friend. Women's restaurant talk can be very open and intimate, almost like the dialogue that occurs between therapist and patient.

On Venus, everyone studies psychology and has at least a master's degree in counseling. They are very involved in personal growth, spirituality, and everything that can nurture life, healing, and growth. Venus is covered with parks, 30 organic gardens, shopping centers and restaurants.

Venusians are very intuitive. They have developed this ability through centuries of anticipating the needs of others. They pride themselves in being considerate of the needs and feelings of others. A sign of great love is to offer help and assistance to another Venusian without being asked.

i

(From Men Are From Mars, Women Are From Venus, by John Gray, Ph.D.)

6 Mind

Mind matters, 3h

The Lost Mariner

The Lost Mariner is;^bqut a man suffering from amnesia. He.could '. rernember his ®ldlfo53 and the first years of his.tvprking lifS;(h eworkedvjtor' the'American"navy) in"great detail but nothing else. His would had stopped in 1945; be felieved-he was a young man; in his twenties,'that America had >yon. the war and Truman was the. President of the-U$A, He was unable to ■ remember- anything that had happened to him since. ■,.

The Phantom Finger

Asiailor accidentally cut 'off' his right index finger.- For;forty years afterwards- he was'plagued by the phantom- of the finger rigidly extended: whenever he ' scratched his nose or tried to. eat Hev was.afraid that-the phantom finger would poke his eye out. He knew that it was impossible-but the;feeling was'so.'strong he couldn't ignore it. "

The Dog Beneath The Skin

This case concerns a young man who dreamt'he w^s a dog and could smell like a dog. He then woke up and found he-was indeed able to. smell like, a dog. He could distinguish all his friends by smell;, he could smell their emotions - fear, contentment, worry - like a-'dog. It was a whole new world but then- ■suddenly; after three weeks, this, -strange transformation ceased.

2 When you have finished, turn back to page 8.

, V A i 0 A ^ s. L,

>

, l. 7

7 Review 1

Words of wisdom, 2 Answers

Quote 1: Marcus Aurelius Antoninus

Quote 2: Agatha Christie

Quote 3: Franz Kafka

Quote 4: Gordon Hewitt

Quote 5: Franklin D. Roosevelt

Quote 6: J. B. S. Haldane

Quote 7: T. S. Elliot

Quote 8: Anonymous, about Dean

Gooderham Acheson

Дата добавления: 2015-11-04