All expenses, taxes, customs and other dues connected with the conclusion of the present Contract levied on the territory of the Sellers’ country are borne by the Sellers, and those levied on the

Other Conditions

All expenses, taxes, customs and other dues connected with the conclusion of the present Contract levied on the territory of the Sellers’ country are borne by the Sellers, and those levied on the territory of the Buyers’ country and transit territory are borne by the Buyers.

The Buyers are to secure for their account all import licenses and permissions required for the importation of the goods sold from Russia to the country of destination. The legal title to the goods as well as risks of any eventual loss or damage to the goods will pass from the Sellers to the Buyers from the moment of delivery of the goods to a transport agency in the Sellers country.

Neither party of this Contract shall have the right to assign to any third party their rights and obligations under this Contract without the written consent of the other party.

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ №2

ВАРИАНТ 1

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его в видо-временную форму и залог.

1. We have carefully studied your materials and decided to accept your proposal.

2. Some trade barriers will always exist.

3. The seller paid for transportation and insurance of goods.

4. He had shown his office before the party began.

5. Japanese videocassette recorder was paid for-in German marks.

6. Shipping date for ten screen protectors will be advertised in High Life Magazine.

7. A new invoice is paid immediately.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните Participle I, II и укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола-сказуемого.

1. The chairman of the supplying company denied all the allegations.

2. This diagram gives the key figures relating to the bank performance in 2000.

3. Interest received amounted to 615 million pounds.

4. A very large loan was made to one borrower by a group of banks headed by one lead bank.

5. We are informing you that the payee has left the city.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. В каждом из них подчеркните модальный глагол или его эквивалент.

1. Any letter of guarantee must bear an authorized signature.

2. Please, confirm to us in which currency we may effect the payment.

3. The shareholders of a limited company are to elect a Board of Directors.

4. You might print the names of all partners on the stationary partnership.

5. They could inform the enterprise about a keener price in respect of future supplies.

6. Legislation can prohibit the monopoly detrimental to the customers.

7. The workers had to label all the goods supplied.

VI. Прочтите и письменно переведите текст.

Banks and Foreign Exchange Market

The banks are the natural intermediary between foreign exchange supply and demand. The main task of a bank's foreign exchange department is to enable its commercial of financial customers to convert assets held in one currency into funds of another currency. This conversion can take the form of a spot transaction or a forward operation. Banking activities in the foreign exchange field tend inevitably to establish a uniform price range for a particular currency throughout the financial centers of the world. If at a given moment the market rate in one centre deviates too far from the average, a balance will soon be restored by "arbitrage", which is the process of taking advantage of price differences places. It can be seen that foreign exchange business acts as a very important regulator in a free monetary system.

Only the big banks and a number of local banks specializing in this kind of business have a foreign exchange department with qualifield dealers. Banks which merely carry out their customers' instructions and do not business on their own account do not really require the services of a foreign exchange expert. For these it will be sufficient to have to someone with a general knowledge of the subject because his role in practice will be that of an intermediary between the customer and a bank professionally in the market.

A foreign exchange dealer acquires his professional skill largely through experience. Here we should point out how important close operation is among a team of dealers. The group can work together smoothly only if each member is able to shed his individuality. We must not forget that, almost incessantly, all the dealers are doing business simultaneously on different telephones and when large transactions are completed the rates may change, whereupon the other dealer must be brought up-to-date immediately. It is essential for a dealer to have the knack of doing two things at once so that he can do business on the telephone and at the same time take note of the new prices announced by his colleagues.

Professional foreign exchange dealing requires advanced technical equipment. Business is done by telephone (with many direct lines to important names) and teleprinter depending on distance and convenience. Spot and forward rates of the most

Important currencies and money market rates are displayed on a big rate board, remote-controlled by the chief dealers. Electronic data processing equipment is em- ployed to keep track instantly of the exchange positions and administrative handling of the business done. Cross rates are figured out with the help of electronic table calculators.

ВАРИАНТ II

I.Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните в каждом из них глагол - сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог.

1. The accounts department considered the conditions of payment yesterday.

2. I have never borrowed money from anyone.

3. Employees need to feel that you are sharing what they are trying to achieve.

4. As you requested we are enclosing a copy of our latest price list of services.

5. The $ 50 will be discounted from the purchase.

6. Cash isn't allowed for foreign trade in this country.

7. The marketing program was designed to produce what the company could sell.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните Participle I, II и укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола-сказуемого.

1. Dealers have displayed our brightly coloured range of goods.

2. All patterns are selling well in this region.

3. Uninsurable risks include losses resulting from price changes.

4. All payments were provided by the agreement including payments of the interest.

5. The weight and measure of goods will be checked during loading.

III.Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. В каждом из них подчеркните модальный глагол или его эквивалент.

1. The issuing bank must ask its correspondent bank to advise and confirm the credit.

2. You could pay your transfer in US funds.

3. The Board of Directors is to be responsible for looking after the financial interests of the company.

4. The borrower had to pay to damage which resulted from his negligence.

5. Their efforts can protect the customers from losses.

6. The legislation is to work out the freight rates and passenger fares as soon as possible.

IV. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

Covering Clients in an Exchange Contract

Forward exchange contracts are subject to relatively uncomplicated exchange control regulation. The first and most important requirement is that a forward exchange contract can only be entered into when there is a firm commercial contractual commitment expressed and payable (or receivable) in a foreign currency. This requirement therefore rules out any exchange or any exchange or gold clauses which may be incorporated into a commercial contract whereby sterling is to be paid away at some future date, the amount of sterling to be paid out depending upon the rate of exchange ruling on that day. For example, a customer may import form Germany and has agreed that he will pay in sterling, but that the actual amount of sterling will depend upon the rate ruling for Deutschemarks against sterling on the date of payment. No forward exchange contract may be entered into for this type of transaction and there is no way in which the banks can protect their customers against fluctuations in the rate of exchange.

Forward exchange cover must be in currency of the commercial contract, i.e. if the payment is to be in dollars the customer is not permitted to purchase a stronger currency.

Let us look at or two practical examples. A customer is importing machinery from West Germany. He signs a contract that he will receive two machines per month, delivery starting in six month time and finishing in one year’s time. He is quite entitled therefore to enter into a forward contract whereby he buys forward Deutschemarks for these machines for die various periods he requires, namely from six months up to twelve months. In addition, if he so wished he can go further as he is allowed by Exchange Control Regulations up to six months after the date of importation. All he has to do is to produce to his bank documentary evidence that he is importing these goods. In other words that there is a firm commercial contract; that the amount to be paid out is expressed in Deutschemarks and the bank will then provide him with the forward cover.

Another customer may export capital goods. He enters into his contract whereby he is going to export goods and will receive x amount of American dollars. The goods will not be exported perhaps for another twelve months, and he is giving credit to his buyer for a further six month. Therefore he may arrange now to sell to his bank dollars delivery eighteen months forward.

It is important to note that whether the customer is buying or selling a foreign currency is to be paid or received. There are very heavy penalties for anyone who tries to speculate.

ВАРИАНТ III

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог.

1. They will have sent the cheque before the end of the month.

2. The firm usually sends the customers its catalogue's.

3. Most companies have helped to coordinate the advertising program with the sales program.

4. Our new trade list was available last week.

5. The descriptive brochures on new services are regularly given to the bank customers.

6. Lower prices were quoteв by other companies.

7. The Insurance Policy was faxed two days ago.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните Participle I, II и укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола-сказуемого.

1. A State is not allowed tom alter the natural conditions to the disadvantage of the natural conditions of the neighboring state.

2. The prices for all silk fabrics have increased considerably.

3. Spot markets (рынки наличного) are buying and selling goods available for immediate delivery.

4. Insurable risks include losses to property resulting from fire, explosion, windstorm, etc.

5. The detected defects will be eliminated by the seller.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык. В каждом из них подчеркните модальный глагол или его эквивалент.

1. The state could reduce the period for which patents were granted.

2. The passenger fares of this year might be different from those of the previous year.

3. Lack of knowledge may result in imperfect competition.

4. The railway companies are able to increase their profits by cutting rates on long-distance business.

5. The monopoly had to form a cartel not to let the competition spread.

6. The product is to be microwaveable.

7. The economist must value the time of the manager.

III. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

Methods of Payment

Compared to selling in the domestic market, selling abroad can create extra problems. Delivery generally takes longer and payment for goods correspondingly can take more time. So exporters need to take extra care in ensuring that prospective customers are reliable payers and that payment is received as quickly as possible.

In the first and the last analysis, payment for exports depends on the conditions outlined in the commercial contract with a foreign buyer. As explained previously, there are internationally accepted terms designed to avoid confusion about cost and price.

I. Payment in advance.

Cleary the best possible method of payment for the exporter is payment in advance. Cash with order (CWO) avoids any risks on small orders with new buyers and may even be asked for before productions begin. However, this form of payment is extremely rare in exporting since it means that an overseas buyer is extending credit to exporter – when the opposite procedure is the normal method of trade.

II. Open account.

An exporter receives the greatest security of payment from cash with order or from cash on delivery. At the other extreme payment on open account offers the least security to an exporter. The goods and accompanying documents are sent directly to an overseas buyer who was agreed to pay within a certain period after the invoice date – usually not more then 180 days. The buyer undertakes to remit money to the exporter by an agreed method.

The open account method of payment is increasingly popular within the EEC because it is simple and straightforward. 70 per cent of UK exports are paid for under open account terms. It saves money and procedural difficulties but the risk to the exporter is obviously greater. It is only successful if an exporter trusts the business integrity and ability of an overseas buyer.

A variation of open account payment is the consignment account where an exporter supplies an overseas buyer in order that stocks are built in quantities sufficient to cover continual demand. The exporter retains of the goods until they are sold, or for an agreed period of time, after which the buyer remits the agreed price to the exporter.

However, a large proportion of export contracts cannot be settled by payment in advance or by open account, particularly with sales outside the EEC. So, parallel with the development of international trade throughout the world, the trading community has developed methods of payments which involve the transfer of documents for exported goods using the international banking system.

Приготовьте рассказ о Великобритании.

Great Britain (The U.K.)

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a highly developed country. It is situated on the British Isles. The Territory of Great Britain is 244,000 square kms. Great Britain consists of 4 parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The west coast of the country is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea, the east coast is washed by the North Sea, Great Britain is separated from France by the English Channel. The capital of Great Britain is London.

The rivers of Great Britain are short. The Thames and the Severn are die most important. The climate of Great Britain is mild and damp. There are 204 rainy days a year in Great Britain.

The population of Great Britain is over 57 mln people, 81% (per cent) of the population are the Englishmen. The Scots, the Irish, the Welshmen and other nationalities also live in Great Britain. The national language is English.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-04