1. [ f ] – phase, phrase, photo, phone, physics, atmosphere, philosophy, physicist, telephone, phenomenon, telegraph, sophisticate, graphics

1. [ f ] – phase, phrase, photo, phone, physics, atmosphere, philosophy, physicist, telephone, phenomenon, telegraph, sophisticate, graphics

[ kw ] – square, equal, liquid, quick, quantum, quarter, quite, quality, equipment, equivalent, equation, quantity, require, consequent

2. action, equation, addition, subtraction, gravitation, density, quality, quantity, relativity, curiosity, elasticity

1. Make new words, translate themх

-ity: equal, human, active(e), relative(e), productive(e)

-ness: thick, black, great, rough

-ance: import(ant), assist(ant), dist(ant)

-ence: differ(ent), depend(ent), pres(ent), exist

- age: us(e), pass, leak

2.Translate the word combination, use a dictionary if you need

The usage of the word, the simplicity of equation, the expression of relativity, the roughness of the surface, temperature measuring, atom structure, the solution of the problem, the productivity of the work, the efficiency of the method, the equality of position

3. Read the following international words. Say what part of speech they belong to.

Academy [ə`kædəmi ], clerk [kla:k], colleague [ko`li:g], contact [`kontəkt], energy [`enədgi], journal [dg`ə:nl],

real [riəl], photoelectric [`foutoi`lektrik], physicist [`fizisist], physics [`fiziks], quantum [`kwontəm], patent [`peitənt], republic [rip`лblik], talented [`tæləntid], mathematics [`mæθim`ætics], mathematician [`mæθimə`ti∫n]

ALBERT EINSTEIN [`ælbət `ainstain]

Albert Einstein, a well-known German physicist and mathematician, was born in Germany on March 14, 1879. His unusual ability in mathe­matics and physics began to show itself at a technical school in Zurich [`zjuərik]. At the age of 21, after four years of university study, Albert Einstein got a job as a clerk in a patent office. But already in 1905 he made revolutionary discoveries in science. He published three papers in the field of physics and mathematics. In the first one he explained the photoelectric effect by means of Planck's quantum theory. The second paper developed a math­ematical theory of Brownian motion. He presented his third paper on "Special Theory of Relativity" to a physical journal. Einstein expressed his theory in the equation E = mc ² (energy equals mass times the square of the speed of light).

All over the world scientists read the work with great surprise. Few physicists understood its importance at that time. Everybody wanted to know as much as possible about the author. Which institute did he teach in? What laboratory did he do his research in?

Einstein's fame among scientists grew slowly but surely. For a few years he lived in Prague [`pra:g] where he worked as a professor. When he came to Prague, he often told his students: "I will always try to help you. If you have a problem, come to me with it, we will solve it together."

He liked questions and answered them at once, for there were no simple or foolish questions for him. He spoke much with his students about scientific problems and his new ideas. His advice to students was, "Don't take easy problems."

In 1921 Einstein got the Nobel Prize in physics not for the theory of relativity but for a logical explana­tion of the photoelectric effect. In 1922 he became a foreign member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union for his outstanding contri­butions to physics and mathematics. On March 14, 1979 by UNESCO decision people all over the world celebrated his hundredth anniversary. In these days we speak about Albert Einstein as of the greatest 20th century scientist.

4.Translate the sentences, use the word combinations from the box:

1. Альберт Эйнштейн был великим физиком XX столетия. 2. Он обладал необычайной способностью к математике и фи­зике. 3. В течение нескольких лет Эйнштейн жил в Праге и препода­вал в университете физику. 4. В 1905 году он сделал несколько научных открытий. 5. Его идея поразила всех ученых.

6. В 1921 году Эйнштейн получил Нобелевскую премию. 7. Сегодня любой студент технического института понимает тео­рию относительности. 8. Изучайте биографию Эйнштейна, и вы увидите, что он отдал свою жизнь науке.

to get the Nobel Prize; to make some discoveries; any technical college student; to be a great physicist of the 20th century; to study Einstein's biography; to give his life to; for a few years; to teach physics; to have an unusual ability in; to surprise all thescientists

5.Analyze the sentences, determine the tense form of the verbs.

1. Einstein was born in Germany. 2. He was a famous physicist. 3. He had two sons. 4. In 1905 Albert Einstein made revolutionary discoveries in science. 5. He presented his papers to a physical journal. 6. My friend does not like physics 7.This diagram will help to solve your problem 8.Mr Hall teaches physics at a technical college

6. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of Indefinite tense.

1. Albert Einstein (to be) one of the greatest scientists of the 20^th century. He (to be) born in 1879 in Germany. 2. In his childhood he (to be) slow, shy and backward. 3. He (to find) it extremely difficult to learn and even to talk. 4. Only when he was 12, he (to begin) his study of mathematics and physics. 5. Later he (to continue) his studies at the University and (to get) a good education. 6. Nobody (to know) Einstein till 1905. 7. Einstein (to present) his theory of relativity in 1905. 8. His famous equation (to say) that energy (to equal) mass times the square of the speed of light. 9. The great discovery (to surprise) the scientists of the world. 10. Most of the physicists of that time (not to understand) Einstein’s theory of relativity. 11. Einstein (to begin) to read lectures on his discovery. 12. He (to go) with his lectures to different universities in Europe and America, where he (to meet) many physicists and mathematicians. 13. Now any technical college student (to know) his famous equation. 14. Einstein always (to answer) his student’s questions. 15. He (to have) a fine sense of humor.

7. Read the stories about Einstein. Retell them.

1. What kind of life did Einstein lead?

Einstein became one of the most famous men in the world. The Theory of Relativity brought him fame on five continents. Yet, he led a very simple sort of life, went around in old clothes, and seldom wore a hat. He said that he did not care for fame or riches. The captain of a transatlantic ship once offered Einstein the most expensive rooms on the ship; Einstein refused and said he would rather travel on deck than accept any special favour (привилегия).

2. How new inventions are made?

"How new inventions that change the face of the world are made?" somebody asked Einstein. "Quite simply," answered Einstein. "Everybody knows that something is impossible. Then quite by chance (совершенно случайно), there happens an ignorant man who does not know it and he makes the invention."

3. What brought Einstein more joy than anything else?

Einstein impressed everybody as being a very happy man. He said he was happy because he didn't want anything from anybody. He didn't want money or titles or fame. He made his own happiness out of such simple things as his work and his violin. Einstein's violin brought him more joy than anything else in life. One day he went to a town in Central Germany to play in a concert given to help poor students. The next day the local newspaper called him by mistake “the grate musician, who played with skill and feeling”. The article declared him “the greatest master”. Einstein carried this article with him until it was old and worn.

“You think I’m a scientist? Hah! I’m a famous musician, that’s what I am!” he said with laugh to his friends and pulled the article from his pocket.

But when a rich man sent him a violin worth (стоимостью) 300 000 dollars, Einstein returned it with a modest note: “This valuable instrument should belong (должен принадлежать) to a true artist. Please forgive me – I’m so used (так привык) to my old violin”

4. Einstein for a Day

Albert Einstein, one of the world's most brilliant scientists, had a fine sense of humor. There is an amusing story about Einstein's visiting universities in a car with a driver, giving lectures on relativity. One day the driver said: «Mr. Einstein, I've heard your lecture more than 30 times. I know it by heart (наизусть), and I can give it my­self». «Well, I'll give you a chance», said Einstein. «They will not recognize me. When we come to the university, I'll put on your cap and you’ll introduce yourself as me and give the lecture».

The driver gave Einstein's lecture without a single mistake. When he finished, one of the professors stopped him and asked a very difficult question. But the driver thought quickly. «That problem is so trivial», he said, «In fact, to show you how simple it is, I'm going to ask my driver to come and answer your question».

5. Albert Einstein and Charles Chaplin

Albert Einstein liked the films with Charles Chaplin and treated (относился) his hero with great sympathy. Once he wrote a letter to Chaplin: “Everybody in the world understands your film “Golden Fever” («Золотая Лихорадка»). You will become a great man by all means (непременно).”

Chaplin’s answer was: “I admire you still more. Nobody in the world understands your “Theory of Relativity” and you have become a great man nevertheless (тем не менее).”

6. What two rules of conduct did Einstein have?

Mrs. Einstein said that even she didn't understand the Theory of Relativity; but she understood something that is more important for a wife, she understood her husband.

Mrs. Einstein said that her husband liked order in his thinking, but he didn't like it in his living. He did whatever he wanted to, whenever he wanted to; he had only two rules of conduct (поведение). The first was: don't have any rules whatever. And the second was: be independent of the opinions (мнение) of others.

7. Different Means

During his visit to an observatory Einstein got interested in the gi­gantic telescope with a mirror of 2.5 metres in diameter.

"What do you need such a big instrument for?" asked Einstein's wife.

"We use it to study the structure of the universe," answered the di­rector of the observatory.

"Really?" said the lady. "My husband usually does it on the inside of an old envelope."

8. By what illustration did Einstein explain his Theory of Relativity?

Einstein's Theory of Relativity, which seemed a flight of imagination (полет воображения) to many at first, is now the cornerstone of modem physics. Many physical phenomena could never be explained without the Theory of Relativity. Einstein said that there were only twelve people living who understood his Theory of Relativity, although there were more than nine hundred books written to explain it.

He himself explained relativity by this very simple illustration: "When you sit with a nice girl for an hour, you think it is only a minute; but when you sit on a hot stove for a minute, you think it is an hour. Well, well - so that's relativity. It sounds all right to me, but if you don't believe me and would like to try it out (хотели бы проверить), I'll be glad to sit with the girl if you'll sit on the stove."

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