Fear – is a real part of human life. This emotion can be caused, when something bad happen, when person perceives situation as threatening his calm or dangerous, but he can’t avoid it, escape or

Fear

1. General facts.

Fear – is a real part of human life. This emotion can be caused, when something bad happen, when person perceives situation as threatening his calm or dangerous, but he can’t avoid it, escape or defense himself. Fear is always a signal and a warning of the danger, but it also has the momentum to overcome this danger.

Fear serves a positive function, making people more cautious and circumspect.

When we confront a perceived danger, our bodies respond in specific ways. Physical reactions to fear include sweating, increased heart rate and high adrenaline levels. This physical response is sometimes known as the “fight or flight” response, in which the body prepares itself to either enter combat or run away. This biochemical reaction is likely an evolutionary development. It is an automatic response and is crucial to survival.

The emotional response to fear is highly personalized. Some people are adrenaline junkies, thriving on extreme sports and other fear-inducing thrill situations. Others have a negative reaction to the feeling of fear, avoiding fear-inducing situations at all costs. Despite the difference in reactions, fear can’t be perceived as either positive or negative reaction.

2. Types of fear

Since the time of Freud, the fear can be divided into real and neurotic fear. The real fear is quite rational and understandable: it is a reaction to the perception of an external threat. As such, this fear is appropriate and performs signal function: danger close, get ready for defense or escape. (O. Kurakin)

· Real fear

Extremely common filling of fear and the tendency of people to respond it in many situations partly explained by psychologists as availability some part of brain, which responsible of filling of fear that is relevant to the early impressions of the person.

This, above all, the experience of the act of birth, which is a massive association of unpleasant experiences, which becomes the prototype of the impact of mortal danger, and since then we have repeated as a state of fear.

Psychologists also recognize the very significant fact that the first state of fear arose from the separation from the mother.

· Neurotic fear

As for the neurotic fear, there are several forms of it.

First, the so-called free fear. It is pointless or objectless fear. This fear is called "fear expectations" or "fearful expectation." People suffering from this fear, always prepared for the worst and live in anticipation of trouble. Freud called this state "anxiety neurosis ".

The second form of fear, as opposed to the one just described, mentally more connected to specific objects or situations. It is a fear in the form of an extremely diverse and often very strange "phobias." Some of the objects and situations that inspire fear in neurotics and normal people are something terrible and are relevant to the risk, and therefore, these fears seem to us clear, despite the fact that it is very exaggerated. For example, widespread fear of reptiles: snakes, frogs and mice, rats, etc. Or fears the risks of flying in a plane and drive a car. But what strikes us in these phobias neurotic - so it's not so much the content as the intensity. Fear of phobias just indescribable!

There is another group of phobias, which are generally hard to understand rationally. As such can be considered irrational fear of open or closed spaces or many animal phobias.

3. The origin of fear.

Fear, can have an instinctive basis, but can result from a collision with something terrible.

· Instinctive fear has a long history. We inherited it from our ancient ancestors. They developed this fear as a defense mechanism. For example fear of the dark, which have almost every human, is one of them. Living in extreme conditions makes a person to develop a certain instinct to survive and overcome dangerous situations. One of these instincts becomes fear. We afraid of big animals, because they can kill as, afraid of the dark because something can be there. This type of fear has more advantages; it helps humanity to survive throughout its existence.

· Second type of fear is acquired fears. These fears arise from specific situations in our lives. Mostly, humans get them when they were children.

The most obvious reasons - a specific case that frightened child (bitten by a dog, stuck in an elevator).

The most common - it's ingrained fears. Their source - adults who are involuntarily, sometimes too emotional warn children about the dangers. Children often don’t pay attention to what frightened them more: the situation itself or the reaction to it by adult.

Another of the most common causes of fear - the children's imagination. The child himself often invents a subject of fear.

These fears can prosecute human all his life, if time does not ask for help, because children's fears are the strongest.

4. Effects of fear.

Carl Jung had an original approach to the structure of personality. He assumed that the very important processes occur at the boundary of the conscious and the unconscious, which faced the ego and shadow. Shadow - is the core of the unconscious, which includes the individual's desire denied as incompatible with the social norms. Ego is the conscious part of the personality. If a person's social motivation prevails over the biological, the fear is forced into the unconscious, into the shadow. Also he thought that fears could be recognized by external features - enhanced muscle tone, changes in the cardiovascular system, the effects on the digestive system.

There are some biological effects of fear:

· Fear of responsibility - this fear was the starting point of millions cases of hypertension, atherosclerosis, gastric ulcers, heart attacks and strokes.

· Fear of exams can cause loss of appetite, rapid heart rate and tremors in the limbs.

· Fear of the future can be reason of varices, vascular insufficiency.

5. How to fight your fear.

Dr. Carl Gustav Jung noticed people became neurotic when they contented themselves with attaining position, marriage, reputation, outward success or money but didn’t fill their lives with sufficient content and meaning. (Elizabeth Wagele)

In order to overcome your fear, you have to know the reason. Therefore analyze the situation and find it.Once you start to be afraid of something, try to start analyzing your own. Look for reasons, not excuses. The reasons must be clear and understandable. If they don’t the fear must disappear, because you explain to yourself that there is nothing to fear. Next - learn to exceed your fear, act in despite of your fear of the situation. Actually control fear is not so easy. With a new life experience there are more fears. When they accumulate too much, a person can get self-doubt, and then completely break down. Therefore, in order not to fear anything, always hope for the best. Try to praise yourself for certain achievements. But at the same time do not forget to analyze the errors. This will help you gain confidence in yourself and love yourself. It is known that such people fear less.

And remember the first step to overcome your problem, is to avow

It.

Conclusion.

On the first, superficial glance, the fear gives not many of positive effects to the man - he gives him grief, binds activity - can cause psychosomatic illness.However, initially the emotion of fear arose in during evolution to protect the human body from all kinds of dangers of primitive life.It was only later, when a person is fundamentally changes the nature and built around a new environment, a reaction of fear began to falter and lead to all kinds of trouble.And 40,000 years ago, when general formation of human brain was finished, he lived in very different conditions in which no place cars, air conditioners and aspirin, and its main companions were cold, starvation and predators.

Fear was a helpful mechanism to survive. It mobilized power for human activity, promotes better memorizing of dangerous or unpleasant situations. Fear - makes it possible to operate in a lack of information, making the react to the extended range of the signals, the usefulness of which is not determined. Sharpens the senses.Also through overcoming fear comes improving.

But there is a negative role of fear. The negative value of the fear are demonstrating a far more widely than the positive. Fear can keep a person in constant tension generated by self-doubt and not let the person be realized. He holds down the person or may paralyze him; with prolonged impact may happen psychosomatic illness.

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Дата добавления: 2015-11-04