Civil society is the sphere of self-manifestation of free citizens and voluntary created associations and organizations which don't depend on the direct intervention of the government.

Civil society is the sphere of self-manifestation of free citizens and voluntary created associations and organizations which don't depend on the direct intervention of the government.

Civil society includes trade unions (the voluntary public associations of the citizens connecting by the common production and professional interests, created with a view of representation and protection of interests of workers).

Main functions of trade unions

• worker’s interests protection

• worker’s interests representation

In the USSR Communist party had an influence on various public structures. Trade unions were engaged in the organization of socialistic competition, professional trainings, forming of political culture.

Trade unions could provide the protective function. Without agreement of trade unions it was impossible, for example, to dissmis out the worker.

However protective measures always were on the last place, and on the first one were demonstrations, community work days and distribution of apartments.

Therefore trade unions in the USSR didn’t fulfill all main functions. The trade-union management named The Union Central Council of Trade Unions complied to the public association management of Communist party. Soviet trade unions mount a massive promotion of communistic ideas among workers.

By the end of the 80th years The Communist party lost the influence. By the 90th The Union Central Council of Trade Unions had disappeared. The Federation of independent Russian trade unions (Federation) had become a incomer of Soviet trade unions. The property of the Soviet trade unions had been declared by ownership of Russian trade unions. However the majority of the trade-union organizations couldn't dispose of the resources competently.

In the USSR each worker automatically became the member of trade union when they got a workplace.

The total number of people in trade union throughout history of the Soviet Union constantly was growing. In 1925 the Soviet trade unions included about 7 740 000 members, in 1974 about 103 million members.

Nowadays in modern Russia there is no Membership is not compulsory.

The Federation includes 41 Russian trade unions, 79 territorial associations of the organizations of trade unions. The total number of members is about 24,7 million people.

Number of trade unions promptly started to fall in the 90^th, because:

1. Trade unions didn't refuse the minor functions and didn't carry out the prime functions.

2. many companies were closed

3. decrease of population which leaded to decrease of corporations

4. rejection to pay membership dues

5. alternative trade unions

Federation uses already settled forms of worker interests protection. Trade unions sing collective contracts, social partnership, informal arrangements with an administration. Besides, trade unions organize meetings.

Today Russian trade unions don't provide functions of worker’s interests protection and representation. Trade unions must use only modern and effective methods to improve the position of workers for more successful activity. Trade unions can lobby interests of the members through the State Government, and regional legislative structures. Of course, Trade unions must sign collective contracts and social partnership.

Main aim of program research is to represent level of development of trade unions in russian civil society.

Research problem are:

1.to analyze functioning of trade unions in USSR;

2.to research main forms of functioning trade unions in Russian Federation;

3.to describe functioning of trade unions as a one of the main element of civil society.

Subject of program research is a trade unions. Object of program research is a functioning of trade unions in civil society.

Methods of program research are:

Research hypothesis is

Дата добавления: 2015-10-21