Exercise 1. a) Revise the forms of Gerund:

Gerund

Exercise 1. a) Revise the forms of Gerund:

	Active		Passive
Non-perfect	telling running	I don’t mind telling her the truth. Я не против того, чтобы сказать ей правду. (переходный глагол) I don’t mind running. Я не прочь побегать.(непереходный глагол)	being told —	I don’t mind being told the truth. Я не протв того, чтобы мне сказали правду. —
Perfect	having told having run	I admit having told her the truth. (Я признаю, что сказал ей правду. (переходный глагол) I admit having run the distance for the first time in my life. (Я признаю, что пробежал дистанцию впервые в жизни)..(непереходный глагол)	having been told —	I admit having been told the truth. (Я признаю, что мне сказали правду. —

b) Remember: after the verbs need, want, require and the adjective worth the Gerund is used in the active form though it is passive in meaning:

< Our TV set needs repairing. Наш телевизор нужно ремонтировать.

< Your suit requires ironing. Нужно погладить ваш костюм.

< The flowers want regular watering. Цветы нуждаются в регулярном поливе.

< The book is worth reading. Книгу стоит прочитать.

c) Remember: the non-perfect form of the gerund is often used in place of the perfect form:

< I remember seeing the film.

< Your refusing to help them was a shock to everybody.

< He mentioned speaking to them on the subject.

d) The perfect form of the Gerund, passive voice, sounds very formal.

e) A possessive pronoun or a noun in the possessive case before the Gerund denotes the doer of the action expressed by the Gerund. Modern English tends to use a personal pronoun in the objective case or a noun in the general case to indicate the doer of the action expressed by the Gerund:

< I insist on writing to him myself.

< I insist on your/ you / John’s/ John writing to him.

< They don’t mind my/ me/ Helen’s/ Helen reading.

< She was against our/us going there.

Exercise 2. Open the brackets using the correct form of Gerund:

1. I think I'll have a chance of (introduce) you to my friends. 2. I've just had the pleasure of (introduce) to your sister. 3. Everybody was surprised at her (leave) so soon. 4. I am tired of (treat) like a child. 5. You've changed so much that he might be excused for not (recognize) you. 6. She had to leave the house without (see) by anybody. 7. 1 remember (be) on friendly terms with him. 8. This matter wants (dear up). 9. She is a wonderful dancer. I couldn't help (impress). 10. Boys always enjoy (swim). 11. The children were annoyed at (tell) to leave. 12. She looked upset. We suspected him of (tell) her the sad news.

Exercise 3. a) Study the chart and explain the rule:

She denies	using the Internet.	Она отрицает,	что пользуется интернетом.
She denied	using the Internet.	Она отрицала,	что пользуется интернетом.
She will deny	using the Internet.	Она будет отрицать,	что пользуется интернетом.

He admits	having hidden the book.	Он признает,	что спрятал книгу.
He admitted	having hidden the book.	Он признал,	что спрятал книгу.
He will admit	having hidden the book.	Он признает,	что спрятал книгу.

b) Translate into English using the correct form of Gerund:

1. Она жалуется, что всегда опаздывает на самолет. 2. Она пожаловалась, что всегда опаздывает на самолет. 3. Она пожаловалась, что опоздала на самолет. 4. Он хвастается, что всегда выигрывает теннисные матчи. 5. Он похвастался, что выиграл вчерашний матч. 6. Послушай! Он хвастается, что выиграл вчерашний матч. 7. Он гордится тем, что его сын занимается спортом. 8. Он гордиться тем, что его сын занял первое место в соревнованиях по плаванию.

Exercise 4. a) Read the conversation and analyze the usage of Gerund:

Bill the Referee

It had been a very hard football match. One player from each side had been given a red card, and two others got yellow cards. After the game, the referee. Bill Cross, was interviewed on television by Frank Duff.

FRANK DUFF: This has been a fairly typical Saturday afternoon for you, hasn't it? Do you really enjoy refereeing?

BILL CROSS: Yes, I find I still look forward to it.

FRANK DUFF:I can't help feeling that you’d enjoy the game much more, sitting in the stand.

BILL CROSS: Well, of course, every game produces different problems for the referee.

FRANK DUFF: Now, you didn’t give Smith a red card for the foul, did you? You gave him the red card for arguing?

BILL CROSS: Yes, I don't like people arguing with the referee. I had warned him, but he went on arguing, so off he went.

FRANK DUFF: Then there was the incident with Brown. Why didn't you allow the trainer onto the field?

BILL CROSS: I hate seeing a play pretending to be hurt, in order to get a free kick. A couple of minutes later, when the ball came near him, he was quite all right again.

FRANK DUFF: Then when you refused to give a penalty in the second half, the crowd got very angry with you. Doesn't that worry you?

BILL CROSS: No, if the football match is exciting the crowd is going to get excited, naturally. I don't mind the crowd shouting at me at all. As a referee, you expect it.

Exercise 5: a) Study the chart and learn the syntactic functions of Gerund. Translate the sentences:

Subject	Running keeps you fit. His being so rude is very disgusting.
Predicative	What annoys me is his being careless. My hobby is gardening.
Direct Object	He enjoys playing hockey. I don't mind your participating in the competition. He suggests taking a taxi.
Prepositional Object	I’m not interested in playing cards. He complained of having lost the key. She boasted of her son having won the prize. They dream of visiting China. She is proud of being invited to the festival.
Attribute	I don't see the reason for complaining about it. It’s no use arguing with her. He liked our idea of going there on foot. There is no excuse for your being late. We’ve found the way of tellin g her the truth. They’re afraid of being punished. Isn’t he ashamed of having hurt her feelings at yesterday’s party?
Adverbial Modifier of Time	On (upon) seeing me on the other side of the street he shouted to me. While reading the text she mispronounced some geographical names. After finishing our work we went for a walk. Before taking any steps you had better make inquiries. In being criticized he tried to defend his ideas.
Adverbial modifier of manner or attending circumstances	Why did you leave without saying ‘good-buy’? You will upset all our plans by refusing to come. In spite of having lost his way he coped with the task. Instead of being praised he was criticized. Besides jogging he does morning exercises every morning.

b) Read and translate the following sentences:

1. I'm looking forward to seeing you. 2. She doesn't like going out in the evening. 3. I believe he really enjoys cleaninghis car. 4. I hate getting up on cold winter mornings. 5. Would you mind posting a letter for me? 6. He couldn’t help feeling cross about it. 7. She can't stand working there any longer. 8. I've finished using the bathroom. 9. They prevented me from going into my own office. 10. I avoided mentioning the subject as long as I could. 11. He risked getting into trouble for your sake. 12. John admitted having made that telephone call. 13. He denied having written the letter. 14. Forgive my asking you, but where did you get that bag? 15. Hilda suggested going to the pictures. 16. He kept annoying me, so I hit him. 17. I can’t understand his not wanting to come. 18. Did you ever consider selling it? 19. I’ve really missed seeing her lately. 20. It's no use complaining about it now. 21. I've stopped taking those sleeping pills.

c) Make up sentences with Gerund.

Exercise 6. a) Study the chart and revise the structures where Gerund is used:

1. Verb + Gerund (without preposition) admit advise avoid complete consider delay deny discuss dislike enjoy finish keep mention mind miss postpone practice quit recall/recollect recommend regret risk stop suggest go (boating, jogging, etc)	doing smth	признавать советовать избегать завершать рассматривать, обсуждать задерживать отрицать обсуждать не любить получать удовольствие завершать продолжать упоминать возражать скучать откладывать тренироваться прекращать вспоминать рекомендовать сожалеть рисковать прекратить предлагать заниматься чем-либо
2. Verb + Preposition + Gerund complain of/about insist on go on look forward to give up object to care for apologise to smb for put off think of/about talk about believe in grumble about dream of succeеd in feel like disapprove of participate in rely on burst out (crying/laughing) worry about hesitate about persist in boast of get tired of	doing smth	жаловаться на настаивать на продолжать с нетерпением ждать бросить, прекратить возражать против заботиться о извиниться перед кем-то за ч.-л. откладывать задуматься о говорить о верить в ворчать по поводу ч.-л. мечтать о преуспеть в иметь настроение делать ч.-л. неодобрять участвовать в полагаться на расплакаться/ рассмеяться беспокоиться о колебаться о упорно делать ч.-.л. хвастаться о устать от
3. to Be + Adjective + Preposition + Gerund to be disappointed at to be afraid of to be interested in to be excited about to be capable of to be accustomed to to be used to to be responsible for to be accused of to be worried about to be sorry about to be sure of to be good at to be tired of to be ashamed of to be engaged in to be surprised at to be fond of to proud of to be guilty of to be praised for to be blamed for	doing smth	разочароваться в бояться интересоваться испытывать эмоциональное волнение быть способным к привыкнуть к привыкнуть к нести ответственность за обвинен в беспокоиться о сожалеть о быть уверенным в хорошо справляться с устать от испытывать стыд занятый в удивляться чем-л. увлекаться гордиться виновен в получить похвалу за быть обвиненным в
4. Preposition + Gerund in addition to in spite of instead of before after by in/while on without against for besides	doing smth	в дополнение к несмотря на вместо перед после с помощью, каким-л. образом во время сразу после без против за кроме
5. There is (no)/ It is / to have + Noun + Preposition + Gerund reason for cause for excuse for advantage of aim of art of chance of danger of idea of effect of feeling of importance of habit of possibility of hope of way of intention of method of opportunity of necessity of probability of harm in interest in pleasure in sense in experience in danger in use in	doing smth	причина, здравый смысл причина повод преимущество цель умение, искусство шанс опасность смысл, идея, замысел эффект чувство важность привычка возможность надежда способ намерение способ возможность необходимость вероятность вред интерес удовольствие смысл опыт опасно делать что-л. иметь смысл делать что-л.
6. Verb + Object + Preposition + Gerund to keep smb from to prevent smb frоm to save smb from to stop smb from to blame smb for to forgive smb for to thank smb for to excuse smb for to accuse smb for to respect smb for to suspect smb of to congratulate smb on to warn smb against to praise smb for to remind smb of to talk smb into/out	doing smth	удержать кого-л. от предотвратить кого-л. От спасти кого-л. от остановить кого-л. обвинить кого-л. в простить кого-л. за поблагодарить кого-л. за простить кого-л. обвинить кого-л. в уважать кого-л. за подозревать кого-л. в поздравлять кого-л. по случаю предупредить кого-л. об опасности хвалить кого-л. за напомнить кому-л. уговорить/отговорить кого-л.
7. Gerundial Expressions: It’s no use It’s worth to spend time / to waste time can’t help How/what doing smth to look like to be used to What’s the use of There’s no use to be in the habit of can’t stand can’t bear	doing smth	бесполезно, нет смысла стоит сделать что-л. проводить/ тратить время, занимаясь ч-л. нельзя не сделать Как насчет того, чтобы… Похоже на/ возможно Привыкнуть Какой смысл делать что-л. Бесполезно, нет смысла делать иметь привычку невозможно терпеть невозможно вынести

Exercise 7. Read the dialogue, translate it and analyze the usage of Gerund. Learn it by heart:

Mr. Parker: Nora! Nora!

Mrs. Parker: Yes, what is it now, Harry?

Mr. Parker: Oh, there you are. Look here, Nora! I am tired of lying here on my back with nothing to do. I hate doing nothing.

Mrs. Parker: Don’t be silly, Harry. You’ve got a temperature and staying in bed is the only sensible thing to do. Now just be quiet and stop preventing me from doing my housework.

Mr. Parker: Most seriously, Nora, I can’t bear it, lying flant on my back.

Mrs. Parker: Well, then try lying on your stomach, for a change.

Mr. Parker: Stop being funny. I am going to get up. There! Look! I am standing up. I am quite all right. What’s the use of staying in bed?

Mrs. Parker: I think you are being very silly. You’ll only make your temperature go up again.

Mr. Parker: It’s no use talking, Nora! Being ill doesn’t suit me!

Mrs. Parker: No! And trying to nurse you doesn’t suit me!

Mr. Parker: Don’t be bitter about it. You know I am grateful to you for looking after me, but you mustn’t try to keep me in bed like a naughty boy.

Mrs. Parker: Well, you began it by behaving like a naughty boy.

Mr. Parker: I am all against this, staying in bed for no reason.

Mrs. Parker: Harry, being ill is a reason. Now don’t stand by that window and catch another cold. Let me see. Half past eleven.

Mr. Parker: Why do you keep looking at the clock?

Mrs. Parker: I am expecting Mother. She is coming over for the day.

Mr. Parker: Good Heavens! I didn’t know that!

Mrs. Parker: Yes, I think she has something she wants to talk to you about.

Mr. Parker: Oh, Heavens, has she? Oh, you know, Nora, I do feel a bit ill. Perhaps I had better get back to bed.

Mrs. Parker: Oh, what a pity! I thought perhaps you might stay up to see her.

Mr. Parker: That’s the very reason I am getting back into bed.

Mrs. Parker: What did you say?

Mr. Parker: Oh, nothing.

Exercise 8. Read the following text, translate it and make up sentences with Gerund using the ideas from the text:

Jack was very keen on fishing. He had a big collection of different kinds of rods and hooks and flies, and whenever he had some spare time, he went down to the river to fish. “Don't you sometimes think it's stupid,” his mother used to say, “standing beside that dirty old river in all weathers, and often not catching anything?” “Oh, no, Mum!” he always answered earnestly. “Whenever I'm there beside the water, with the trees round me, and the birds singing, I'm thoroughly content. Everything's so peaceful.”

Then he married Kate. Having been his neighbour since they were children, she knew all about Jack's love of fishing. He even had to go out and catch a fish on the day of their wedding! Kate did not know how to fish, but having married Jack, she soon found herself alone for some time every weekend, so she decided to try. “If you can't beat them, join them,” she said to her parents. Jack gave her some lessons in how to throw the fly, how to hold the rod and so on, but having been taught to do these things, whenever she tried to make use of her knowledge, she never caught anything, and she found it damp and cold standing still for hours beside the river. Then there was going to be a big fishing competition in a fortnight's time. “It'll be wonderful,” he said to Kate happily, “There's a prize of £100 for the biggest fish caught that weekend, and other smaller prizes too for those who catch the largest total weight of fish”. “Can I join in?” said Kate. Jack was doubtful, but having looked at the rules, he discovered that she would be allowed to take part in the competition.

The great day came, and the fishermen drew lots for positions on the river banks in preparation for the start of the competition. Some positions were better than others, and Jack was very familiar with all the good ones. Having drawn one of the very best, he was very pleased, and pitied Kate when hers was by far the worst. “Never mind,” he said, “it'll be good experience for you anyhow, and meanwhile you'll be able to see how the best fishermen in the country do it.” But things turned out very differently from what Jack had expected. A few minutes before the end of the competition, and flanked by the best fishermen in the country, Kate caught the biggest fish that had ever been seen in that river. She took it along to Jack at once, and as she approached him she saw that he had only succeeded in catching four or five very small fish. She was expecting him to admire greatly the fish that she had caught, but all he said after a long pause was, “You only caught one, did you?”

Exercise 9. Translate into English:

1. Вы когда-нибудь раньше бывали в Москве? — Да. Последний раз я был здесь два года назад. С тех пор многое изменилось. Я не могу не восхищаться памятниками древней русской архитектуры в Кремле. 2. Давайте сначала пойдем на Красную площадь. — А я предлагаю сначала осмотреть соборы Кремля. — Какой смысл спорить, они находятся недалеко друг от друга. 3. Они с нетерпением ждали посещения Третьяковской Галереи. — Я тоже всегда мечтал увидеть эту богатейшую коллекцию русской живописи. 4. Вы не возражаете против того, чтобы отправиться на осмотр достопримечательностей Москвы завтра рано утром? — Я не согласен. К сожалению, я не привык вставать рано. 5. Мы поблагодарили его за то, что он так много рассказал нам об исторических памятниках Москвы. 6. Они с нетерпением ждали похода в Большой театр. 7. Какой смысл сравнивать Москву и Лондон?

Exercise 10. Translate into English using Gerund or Complex Object. Pay attention to the Tenses:

1. Почему доктор посоветовал Вам избегать занятий спортом сразу после приема пищи? 2. Интересно, когда он закончит делать зарядку? Он занимается уже сорок минут. 3. Какие упражнения Вы любите выполнять во время утренней зарядки? — Я люблю делать наклоны, приседания и отжимания. — Почему Вы ненавидите бег на месте? — Это очень скучно. Я предпочитаю бегать трусцой на стадионе в хорошую погоду. 4. Как Вы думаете, почему врачи рекомендуют выполнять разминку (warm up exercises) перед работой на тренажерах (to work out on keeping fit machines)? 5. Неужели он рискнул заниматься на силовых тренажерах (weight-lifting machines) после того, как его прооперировали в прошлом году? — Да, я сам наблюдал, как он тренировался. После упражнений на брусьях он расплакался. Однако он не намерен бросать занятия гимнастикой. 6. Ты хорошо танцуешь (to be good at)! — Танцы помогают мне поддерживать хорошую физическую форму. Кроме танцев я люблю плавать и бегать трусцой в парке. Я привыкла бегать по утрам. 7. Неужели Вы не устали делать наклоны (to bend)? — Нет, это очень полезное упражнение для укрепления мышц живота (to strengthen abdominal muscles). Кроме укрепления мышц это один из способов похудения. — Неужели? Я тоже буду заниматься зарядкой вместо голодания

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