2.2 Applying for a job
Vocabulary Expressions for describing yourself, your skills and experience
Grammar Present perfect/Past simple
Competence Writing a CV, having a job interview, talking about your experience
Reading
5 In pairs, answer the questions.
1 Have you got an up-to-date CV?
2 What is important to remember when writing CV?
3 How long should the ideal CV be?
CV / si: 'vi:/ also curriculum vitae n BrE a document that describes your education and the jobs you have done, used when you are trying to get a new job; resume AmE |
from Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
6 Read the text and find the answers to Questions 2 and 3 in Exercise 5. Decide if you agree with the advice in the text.
HOW TO WRITE AN EFFECTIVE CV
● Make sure your skills, interests and work experience match the job exactly
● Put your education and career in reverse order (the most recent first).
● Don't leave unexplained gaps in your career.
● Don't lie, or you may be caught out in the interview. Go back through your jobs and assignments to identify tasks, responsibilities and particularly accomplishments.
● Use positive language to talk about your achievements and skills: expressions like
"successfully co-ordinated" and "took responsibility for".
● Give names, addresses, phone numbers and e-mail addresses of at least two people who can give a reference, i.e. say that you were a good employee or student.
● Print out onto one side of a single sheet of good-quality A4 paper.
7 Read the job advertisement and the CV. In pairs, discuss the following questions.
1 Does the CV follow the advice in the text?
2 How could it be improved?
3 Would Charlie Thompson be a good candidate for this job?
MBC WORLDWIDE Programme Development Researcher Due to expansion in the MBC Worldwide Channel for Students, opportunities have arisen for a number of senior positions.
We are looking for an experienced Programme Development Researcher to develop and implement our new programme schedule for Language Students.
If you are creative and motivated researcher with a proven background in Programme Development, contact Tom for further details. |
Charlie Thompson 12 Rayners Gardens, Ruislip, Diddlesex TW3 9HP tel: 020 8557 3590 e-mail: cthompson@mail.com Profile ● An innovative and highly experienced Development Researcher with proven managerial skills Personal Details ● Male ● Date of Birth: 30.6.74 Training and qualifications 1984 -1992 Stoke School, Buckingham. 3 "A" levels (B, B, C) 1992 – 1995 University of Exeter, BA Honours in Sociology (2.2) 1995 – 1997 London Nedia School, Diploma in Film Studies Experience 2001 – present Development Researcher/Programmer, Yoonie TV 1998 – 1999 Associate Producer for the Mediaworld Breakfast Show 1997 – 1998 Researcher/producer, Transworld Sport TV Achievements ● Has successfully researched and developed a range of TV programmes for Open University education. ● Designed and coordinated the new weekend schedule for Yoonie TV. ● Ran an initiative for Yoonie TV to introduce new medias into the programming schedule. Professional qualities ● Skilful at developing and motivating teams to achieve their objectives. ● Able to work on own initiative and as part of a team. ● Excellent communication skills. ● Professional. Good organisational skills and has a good eye for detail. Other skills and interests IT skills, speaks French and Spanish fluently, well travelled, other interests include sailing and skiing References Mr. J.D. Smythe Ms. N. Wilkins Transworld Sport Yoonie TV PO Box 38 29 Edgar Street London NW1 9 YY Buckingham B3 2CW jdsmythe@transworld.com 01333 779933 |
Vocabulary
8 Match the phrases in italics in the CV with the following definitions.
Example: encouraging – motivating
1 has a mature,responsible attitude
2 has lots of experience
3 organised
4 can show that he's worked successfully in management
5 good at talking with people
6 improved by working on
7 is organised
8 was the leader of
9 pays attention to detail
9 In groups, discuss what requirements or skills are necessary for the following jobs:
politician ballet dancer architect
Reading
10 Here is Charlie's job interview. Read it and match the questions in the interview on the left with the answers on the right.
1 What has brought about this change?
2 How do you feel that your experience would help you in this position?
3 Tell me about yourself and why you've applied for the job?
4 What have you learned from this experience?
5 What do you feel that you, in particular, have to offer the company?
6 Tell me about your current position. What exactly are you doing? | A OK. Where should I start? I'm 35 years old, and I work in media. I've always enjoyed TV, and been interested in the use of media, particularly for educational purposes. I've worked in Programme Development for about 5 years and at the monent I am looking for a new challenge, a change of focus, and direction.
B Well, I think in media, there is a constant need to move on to new and exciting projects. I've worked for a few different television companies now and I feel ready for the next step.
C Yes, I am working for a university TV channel called Yoonie TV. We try to involve students more, by choosing programmes and topics we know they feel strongly about. Traditionally, educational programmes have been about "talking heads", and the emphasis has been much moreon the academic rather than the entertaining angle. In our new programming, we've tried to keep the balance between information content and lighthearted entertainment because students want to be informed and entertained.
D Well, I've worked on a variety of programme types as you can see from my CV. I've developed documentaries, and researched topics for student debate shows, worked on breakfast chat shows, and prepared sports interviews...Basically, I've been involved in creating shows for all genres, on different networks.
E I've learned to look at the audience, the people watching the shows. And this has helped me to develop programmes especially suited to them.
F I'm dedicated and enthusiastic. I believe I can come up with good ideas, and I have the ability and organisational skills to follow them through. Also, I've always been interested in developing programmes with an educational slant. And it looks like this might be just the opportunity I've waited for. |
Grammar focus
11 Look through the job interview and find verbs in the Present perfect simple.
Present perfect simple (+) I/you/we/they 've (=have) worked He/she it 's (=has) worked (-) I/you/we/they haven't (=have not) worked He/she it hasn't (=has not) worked (?) Have I/you/we/they worked? Has he/she it worked? We use Present perfect to talk about the past and present together. The past action or situation can be connected to the present in various ways. 1. The state or action continues from the past to the present. I' ve known him for 10 years. (=I still know him) 2.The results of the past actions are important in the present. He 's lost his key. (= he doesn't have it now. He can't get in) 3. The time referance in the sentence includes the present. He 's been on holiday all this week. (=this week isn't finished) 4. When we mean "in my whole life": we don't give a specific time. I 've been to France lots of times.
Present perfect versus Past simple We use the Past simple for completed actions that are in the past. Compare: a Marilyn Monroe was married three times. b My friend has been married trhree times – and she's only thirty!
Time words with Pas simple Time words with Present perfect a ago: 10 minutes ago, 3 months ago a periods which are not over: all my life, this week b questions with when: When did you go there? b already, yet c specific times in the past: yesterday, last night, in 1999 c ever (=ever time in the past until now) |
12 Put the verbs into the Present perfect tense.
● How many different jobs______(she do)?
● __________(you ever work) in a factory?
● No, I ______(never be) in a factory.
● ______(you ever think) of running your own business?
● Yes, I________(always want) to be my own boss.
● What' s the best thing that _____(ever happen) to you in a job?
● I _______ (make friends) with a lot of interesting people.
●
13 Choose the best time expression.
● I've spent far too much money last night/today/yesterday.
● I didn't go to the theatre at all last year/over the years/recently.
● So far, I've been to a restaurant twice last Friday/ never/this week.
● I've done a lot of silly things afew years ago/ last year/over the years.
● Have you been to the cinema a few weeks ago/last week/this week?
Speaking
14 Prepare to talk about your work experience in a job interview by answering the following questions.
1 Tell me about yourself/why you have applied for this job.
2 Tell me about your current occupation.
3 How do you think your previous (work) experience could help you in this position?
4 What do you feel you, in particular, have to offer?
15 In pairs, say which job you have chosen. Interview each other using questions above and any others you wish to ask. Would you give your partner the job? Why? Why not?
Reading and speaking
16 Read the dialogue and answer the following questions.
1 What does Jones say in favour of the European Working Directive?
2 What does Smith say against the European Working Directive?
3 What do you personally think about this problem? What are you in favour of? Do you agree or disagree with the opinions of your groupmates?
Useful vocabulary ● Expressing your opinions Personally, I think/don't think... It seems to me that... I think it's wrong to... Everyone should be free to... People should have the right to... I don't really have any strong opinions about this. |
● Agreeing and disagreeing I completely agree. Yes, you are right. I agree in some way but... I think it depends (on the situation/person) I don't really agree. I'm afraid I don't agree at all. |
Smith: I've just heard that the government is refusing to sign the European Working Directive.
Jones: What's up?
Smith: Basically, it's a European agreement that says every country has to have the same maximum number of hours they can work, the same holidays, all kinds ofstuff like that.
Jones: Well, that sounds good. That's great! Then, we all get the same number of holidays. We only work a limited number of hours.
Smith: No, no, no, you don't understand. It's really bad for business because it means bosses aren't free to make their employees work when they need them, and they've got to give them too much holiday and stuff like that.
Jones: Yes, you've got to think of the workers. They need to know their set number of hours each week. You know, you can't have bosses exploiting people and saying: "Oh, do you mind staying on for another four hours tonight?"
Smith: No, but it's not exploitation, is it? Your boss has got to be free to manage the business. And that means if they want people to work, then the people have got to work. That' how it has got to be.
Jones: No, I mean, it's also good for unemployment because if everyone works a set number of hours, then they can't make people work too many hours. So they've got to employ two people instead of just one, you know.
Smith: No, but how does someone in Brussels, in Europe, wherever they are...How do they know what a company in the North of England needs, you know?
Jones: Well, I just see it as positive in terms of protecting the worker and also bringing unemployment down, So, what are you doing this holiday?
Smith: Nothing, I don't even get a holiday. Not in this country. Not with my contract.
17a Han Bin, a museum guide, believes she is really happy with her job. Read this text about her quickly.
A DAY AT WORK IN THE MUSEUM EQUALS 5,000 YEARS ON EARTH
Han Bin says she goes to heaven every day – that is, when she clocks in at work. The 28-year-old from Shanxi's provincial town Taiyuan says her job as a museum guide at Shanxi Museum is one that she loves "with all my heart". So every day she has worked for the past three years are days spent in "paradise", she says.
"There is a Chinese saying that one day in heaven equals a year on Earth," Han said.
"The museum is even better than heaven. So a day at work equals 5,000 years on Earth. I love history. The work is perfect for me."
She starts every morning undertaking training with 20 other women guides, who memorize facts about the displays and practice Mandarin.
Shanxi Museum is the province's largest at 51,000 square metres and houses more than 400,000 relics.
It was completed in 2005. It received more than 1 million visitors – equal to a third of the city's population – in 2011.
Han explained the exhibits to elderly people using walkers and wheelchairs, a woman pushing a stroller and two primary school girls, who scribbled notes as they studied two Buddhist statues in a glass case.
Han says she never tires of spending every day telling the same stories in the same seven halls. "I feel like walking through times when I walk here," she says.
"I am proud of the relics unearthed in my hometown and I feel blessed it has such a great museum."
Plans for the museum were floated in 1997 to chronicle Shanxi's place as the cradle of Chinese civilization – a civilization that existed in the area during the Spring and Autumn Period (770 – 476 BC).
"Shanxi is rich in culture. Many archeological treasures have been discovered since the 1980s," the museum's deputy director Zhao Shuguang said. "So it's necessary to have a comprehensive museum to share our history".
Local authorities decided to bring in Shanxi Architecture Design Institute designer Zhao Youting to create a hypermodern structure in which to showcase the ancient wonders. Construction began in 2001.
The museum used some of the 30 million yuan ($4.7 million) it receives in annual government support to send guides to give lectures in local schools and communities.
The museum will this year host 15 exhibitions.
Han's enthusiasm for the museum is shared by many, including middle school history teacher Lu Kun.
The 34-year-old visited many Beijing museums when he studied law in the capital from 1998 to 2000.
"I want to explore Shanxi and our country more as a historian. Now I have a place to accsess that dream".
But that's not the best part for Lu. "The museum brings ordinary people closer to history," he said.
(Adapted from ChinaWatch May 2012)
17b Are the following statements true or false?
● Han has worked in this museum for 5 years.
● She starts every morning undertaking training with 20 other guides.
● Shanxi Museum is the second largest in the province.
● The construction of the museum began in 1997 and finished in 2011.
● A lot of archeological treasures of the museum have been discovered since the 1980s.
● This year the museum will host 13 exhibitions.
17c What do you know about Han Bin and the museum she works at. Retell the text.
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