Lesson 9. II.Reading exercises:

II.Reading exercises:

Exercise 2

1. "Kernel" – the part of an operating system that provides the most basic services to application software running on a processor.

2. The most basic category of kernel services is Task Management.

3. The Task Scheduler controls the execution of application software tasks, and can make them run in a very timely and responsive fashion.

4. The key difference between general-computing operating systems and real-time operating systems is the need for " deterministic " timing behavior in the real-time operating systems.

Exercise 3

1b, 2d, 3a, 4c..

Exercise 4

1.Kernel serviced. 2. Pass..

III.Speaking exercises:

Exercise 1

Kernel

"Kernel" – the part of an operating system that provides the most basic services to application software running on a processor. The "kernel" of a real-time operating system ("RTOS") provides an "abstraction layer" that hides from application software the hardware details of the processor (or set of processors) upon which the application software will run.

Abstraction layer

"Abstraction layer" hides from application software the hardware details of the processor (or set of processors) upon which the application software will run.

Intertask communication and synchronization.

The second category of kernel services is Intertask Communication and Synchronization. These services make it possible for tasks to pass information from one to another, without danger of that information ever being damaged. They also make it possible for tasks to coordinate, so that they can productively cooperate with one another

Random elements

Random elements in service times could cause random delays in application software and could then make the application randomly miss real-time deadlines – a scenario clearly unacceptable for a real-time embedded system.

Exercise 2

1.What does the kernel of a real-time operating system provide?

2.How many categories of basic services does RTOS kernel supply?

3.What can Random elements in service times cause?

4.What is the key difference between general-computing operating systems and real-time operating systems?.

IV. Writing exercises:

Exercise 1

Damaged 2.Formulas.3.Random timing. 4.Random delays. 5.Embedded system.

Exercise 2

A number of separate "chunks" of software.

The presence of the RTOS kernel.

Them run in a very timely and responsive fashion.

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