Past perfect

Past Perfect обозначает действие, которое было закончено до другого действия в прошлом.

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I

You ’d (had) seen him before.

We hadn’t finished work at 6 o’clock.

(etc.)

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Question

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you

Where had she been before?

they

(etc.)

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Short answer

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Had he already left? Yes, he had.

No, he hadn’t

When I got home, I found that someone had broken into my apartment and had stolen my computer, so I called the police.

I didn’t want to go to the theatre with my friends because I’ d seen the play before.

People said they had seen Amelia in Spain.

The film had started when I arrived.

By the time the plane was airborne I’ d forgotten England even existed.

He had a headache because he hadn’t slept.

After we’ d signed the contract we opened the bottle of champagne.

Сравните:

When I got to the party, Peter went home. (= First I arrived, then Peter left.)

When I got to the party, Peter had gone home. (=First Peter left, then I arrived.)

Exercise 14 Decide if the ‘d in these sentences is would or had.

a) I’d like to go all around the United States. _____________

b) I’d have to work until … _____________

c) …I’d saved enough money. _____________

d) I’d probably travel with a friend. ____________

e) If I’d the money now … ____________

f) … I’d leave immediately ____________

g) How much do you think it’d cost? ____________

Exercise 15 Put the verbs in brackets in these sentences into past simple or past perfect.

a) By the age of 30, Crichton ________________ (already/visit) many countries.

b) He wanted to quit Harvard because he _______________ (think) the classes were boring.

c) He separated from his wife before he _______________ (go) to L.A.

d) He went to Los Angeles because he ______________ (decide) to concentrate on writing.

e) After he went to Los Angeles, he _______________ (become) depressed.

f) He remembered that a friend ________________ (invite) him to Thailand.

g) When he arrived in Bangkok, his friend ______________ (meet) him at the airport.

h) Before he went to Bangkok, he ________________ (never /be) outside America or Europe.

i) He ________________ (know) Steven Spielberg for many years by the time he wrote Jurassic Park.

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