The cellular inflammatory infiltrate surrounds the blood vessels of both the superficial and deep plexuses. The prototype of interface dermatitis of superficial and deep perivascular distribution is discoid lupus erythematosus. There is usually atrophy of the epidermis with relative hyperkeratosis and hypergranulosis and focal liquefaction degeneration of the basal layer. The follicular changes are usually conspicuous and consist of deep keratotic follicular plugs with atrophy of the pilar and sebaceous apparatus.
C. Vasculitis. Large vessel vasculitis is less common and involves large muscular arteries and veins in the deeper dermis or subcutis polyarteritis nodosa. Small vessel vasculitis involves small blood vessels. Neutrophils migrate through the damaged walls and degenerate.
D. Intraepidermal vesicular.
1. intracellular edema (ballooning) characteristically seen in certain viral infections (herpes simplex virus and herpes zoster).
2. acantholysis is the hallmark of the pemphigus group of disorders. Suprabasal acantholysis is the prototype pemphigus vulgaris; intraspinous –in the herpes infection; subcorneal in the superficial form of pemphigus (pem foliaceus, pem erythematosus).
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