Fill in the gaps with the words from the text.

1. In building construction a beam is a horizontal member … an opening and … a load

2. The load may be a floor or roof in a building, in which case the beam is called a floor … or a roof ….

3. Bridging anchors are diagonal … between the horizontal beams.

4. Beams may be even brickwork with steel … in the bond between bricks.

5. Timber has a … strength along the grain to match its … strength.

6. Reinforced concrete became a highly … structural material.

Answer the following questions.

1. What is a beam?

2. What types of beams do you know?

3. What are joist anchors used for?

4. How may the additional strength to the floor be given?

5. What materials are beams made of?

6. Why is timber better material than stone?

7. When did iron become important?

8. What are the advantages of reinforced concrete beams?

9.

Give the English equivalents.

· более подходящий материал

· универсальный строительный материал

· металлическая арматура

· широкое распространение чугуна

· размещение стержней арматуры

· по направлению волокна

· обеспечивать большую жесткость

· под контролем проектировщика

With your partner compare the structural characteristics of timber and stone beams. Speak on the usage of iron and reinforced-concrete beams.

Read the text and describe Light Beams. Say what projects they are designed for.

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