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Toponymy

CHRISOPRASE | Anglo-Saxon words in the English language | ПРИСТАВКИ ЛАТИНСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ | СУФФИКСЫ ЛАТИНСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ | ЛАТИНСКИЕ ЦИФРОВЫЕ ОСНОВЫ | ГРЕЧЕСКИЕ КОРНИ И ПРОИЗВОДНЫЕ ОТ НИХ СЛОВА | Префиксы Положение в слове Примеры | СУФФИКСЫ ДРЕВНЕ- И СРЕДНЕАНГЛИЙСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ | ДРЕВНЕАНГЛИЙСКИЕ КОРНИ И ПРОИЗВОДНЫЕ ОТ НИХ СЛОВА | КНИЖНЫЕ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ЛАТИНСКОГО И ГРЕЧЕСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ, СООТВЕТСТВУЮЩИЕ НЕКОТОРЫМ ОБЩЕУПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬНЫМ СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫМ |

Toponymy is the scientific study of place-names (toponyms), their origins, meanings, use and typology. The first part of the word is derived from the Greek tópos (τόπος), place; followed by ónoma (ὄνομα), meaning name. It is itself a branch of onomastics, the study of names of all kinds. To understand the value of toponyms, visualize each toponym (or geographical name) as the title of a story revealing some aspect of a region's cultural or natural heritage.

Toponyms are not just words on maps and signs, but vital communication tools that reflect patterns of settlement, exploration, migration, and heritage that may otherwise be overlooked by residents, visitors, and future generations. A toponym is a named point of reference in both the physical and cultural landscape on the Earth's surface. This includes natural features, such as streams (whose names are studied as hydronyms) and artificial ones (such as cities). Natural features are no more geographical than man-made features or administrative units because all such features have names that are in essence artificially applied. Toponyms are typically conservative and give insight into the buried human history of a region. For example Moses I. Finley observed, "it is significant that the bulk of the towns and districts in Greece in historical times retained their pre-Greek names"; viewed with archaeological remains, the conclusion is that speakers of proto-Greek infiltrated the region by degrees, rather than in a massive invasion, and that they found already in place a comparatively highly-developed culture.

In ethnology, a toponym is a name derived from a place or a region. In anatomy, a toponym is a name of a region of the body, as distinguished from the name of an organ. In biology, a toponym is a binomial name of a plant.

О том, насколько важны топонимы и что они собой представляют, можно судить по приведенному ниже списку:

Прочитайте шутку:

A group of Americans was touring Ireland. One of the women in the group was a real curmudgeon, constantly complaining. The bus seats are uncomfortable. The food is terrible. It’s too hot. It’s too cold. The accommodations are awful. The group arrived at the site of the famous Blarney Stone. "Good luck will be followin ya all your days if you kiss the Blarney Stone,"the guide said. "Unfortunately, it’s being cleaned today and so no one will be able to kiss it. Perhaps we can come back tomorrow." "We can’t be here tomorrow," the nasty woman shouted. "We have some other boring tour to go on. So I guess we can’t kiss the stupid stone." "Well now," the guide said, "it is said that if you kiss someone who has kissed the stone, you’ll have the same good fortune." "And I suppose you’ve kissed the stone," the woman scoffed. "No, ma’am," the frustrated guide said, "but I’ve sat on it."

Events/agreements (политические топонимы)

Food and drink (other than cheese and wine)

Cheese

Wine

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