E x e r c i s e s. I. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following international words from the text:

I. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following international words from the text:

horizontal, vertical, distance, line, mathematical, information, construction, profile, diagram, process, project, base, construct, parallel, type, canal, national, principle, sphere.

II. Read the text again, write out terminological words, explain their structure and translate them into Ukrainian:

III. Explain the difference between the terms p l a n e s u r v e y i n g and g e o d e t i c s u r v e y i n g.

IV. Read the text again, write out sentences with verbs in the passive voice and translate them into Ukrainian.

V. Give English equivalents of the following words and word combinations:

oб’єм, карта, обчислювати, польова обробка, будівельний проект, земля, сферична форма, площа, потрібна точність, залізна дорога, припустити, досконала сфера, взагалі, визначити.

VI. Comprehension questions:

I. What has surveying to do with? 2. What follows measurements of surveying? 3. Into what work іа the process of surveying divided? 4. When is the survey information portrayed graphically? 5 What were the earliest surveys? 6. In what surveying is the spherical shape of the earth neglected? 7. What are characteristic features of plane surveying? 8. What can you say about the plumb line in the plane surveying? 9. What surveying is used for highways and roads? 10. When is the spheroidal shape of the earth considered in surveying? 11. What is measured in surveying?

VII. Make the plan of the text.

VIII. Find in the text a sentence describing the earliest surveys.

IX. List the words describing geodetic surveying.

X. Speak about:

a) field work in surveying

b) office work in surveying

Text B

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