Liquid Cargo operations

1_____Before cargo operations start, the ship has to be earthed or isolated to prevent static electricity discharge when connecting or disconnecting cargo hoses. Loading starts when all necessary terminal and tanker valves in the loading system are open, and the ship has informed the terminal that she is ready. Loading starts at a slow rate to a single tank.

2_____A crew member stands at the manifolds, in case of leakage or any other problem he instructs the shore to stop loading. Ship and shore personnel should keep a close watch for the escape of oil during cargo transfer operations. In case oil escapes there are emergency stops in different places. Portable drip trays are placed under all ship and shore manifold connections.

3_____At the end of loading operation the cargo tanks are topped up. When topping off a tank, load very slowly to avoid spills. The oil level in the tank is brought up to its final ullage. Ullage is the space above the liquid in a tank. Taking the ullage or ullaging we measure the distance from the top of the cargo to the deck level. We can calculate the quantity of cargo in a tank if we know the amount of space above the oil level.

4_____First of all, there is a risk of fire, as a flammable liquid gives off vapour. Because of this risk, there are certain prohibitions in oil terminals. All portable electrical equipment, for example lamps, phones and cameras, must be of an approved type.

5_____When the loading is finished, all valves in the cargo system are closed. Shore control valves are the first ones to be closed. The hoses or arms are drained into the ship’s tanks. The ship’s manifold valves and shore valves are closed before disconnecting the hoses or arms. The earthing cable has also been disconnected.

6 _____When you discharge cargo, always check the inert gas system, cargo pumps and cargo hoses. When you begin discharge, open valves completely at first. Then turn them back one-quarter. This insures the valves will not get stuck in an open position.

3 Match the beginnings and the endings of the safety instructions.

Before loading /unloading:

1. Have cargo tanks to be loaded

a)away from the cargo deck and hoses.

2. Portable (dry powder) fire extinguishers are

b)well ventilated and checked for any toxic vapours

3. After connection of the hose to the ship’s manifold

c)the flange should be pressure tested for tightness

4. Establish communication routines with the terminal operators regarding

d)flow rates, emergency stops, topping up, general alarm etc.

5. Keep unauthorized people

e)to be placed on deck ready for use.

6. Keep hatch lids closed

h) when taking ullages during loading.

7. Everyone engaged in cargo handling

g) is wearing the correct protective clothing.

8. Avoid getting the blast of vapour in your face

i) with fans running during cargo transfers.

9. Keep pump rooms ventilated

f) except when taking ullages, sampling etc.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-14