Federal State Unitary Enterprise State ATM Corporation

State influence:

Federal State Unitary Enterprise "State ATM Corporation" was established by the Government Decree to ensure safety and regularity of civil aviation flights and create the uniform economic management of ATM systems[23].

The Federal State Unitary Enterprise “State ATM Corporation” (State ATM Corporation) is the air navigation service provider (ANSP) of the Russian Federation responsible for airspace of more than 26 million km2 over the sovereign territory and the high seas and 250 civil controlled aerodromes[24].

Internationalization:

International Cooperation Division was established to promote and protect the interests of the Enterprise within the community of air navigation service providers, render assistance in implementation of international best practices in the field of air navigation services based upon ICAO requirements and ANS providers' advanced know-how.

Country	NA
Year of entry	NA
Industry/ business area	NA
Entry mode	NA
Objectives	International Cooperation Division’s Objectives: - Planning the Enterprise’s cooperation activities and analysis of the results obtained; - Informational and analytical support of cooperation with ANS providers; - Establishing liaison with foreign partners; - Assistance to the Enterprise's departments and divisions in their international cooperation activities; - Organizational and protocol support for the Enterprise's international cooperation activities.
Firm specific advantagesused on the foreign market	Position on the market. It is a monopoly
First mover or follower	Not applicable
Type of state involvementin the process of internationalization	Direct, state is the owner and the interested party
Evaluationof the success of the internationalization	No internationalization of the organization

Sovkomflot

State influence:

Sovkomflot is a Russian maritime shipping company specializing in petroleum and LNG shipping.

Sovcomflot is a corporation the shares of which are 100% owned by the government of Russia. The government appoints many board members from the political elite. However, there are plans to possibly sell 25-50% of the government’s stake in Sovcomflot’s sometime in 2013.

Internationalization:

Country	Indonesia
Year of entry and goal	· Indonesia: SCF Group, along with NYK Line (Japan) and PT Samudera Shipping Services (Indonesia), jointly owns two LNG carriers that provide seaborne LNG transportation services under long-term agreements to Tangguh Production Sharing Contractors (TPSC), an international consortium that controls Tangguh gas project in Indonesia. LNG exports started at the end of 2008 and the projected annual production of LNG has been set at 7.6 million tonnes. Long term sales agreements indicate that the LNG will be exported to markets in China, South Korea and the USA.
Industry/ business area	· Marine transportation of oil, oil products, petroleum, liquefied natural gas, food products, including transportation in difficult areas such as far north · Logistical support for offshore development (shuttle oil deliveries in ice conditions, Floating Storage and Offloading units (FSO) services); · Rendering port-related services including management of oil terminals and tugs operations; · Technical management of the company’s and third party vessels[25].
Entry mode	Joint venture (with NYK Line of Japan and PT Samudera Shipping Services of Indonesia.
Motives	The modern marine transportation industry is very globalized by its very nature, and particularly so in the oil and gas transportation sub-indsutry, because usually it involves transportation of oil and gas from producer-countries to consumer-countries. Thus, Sovcomflot is following the general trend. Its entry into East Asia shows that Sovcomflot understands the important of the rapidly-growing Asian markets and wants to establish itself more firmly in the region. Of course, participation in such an international joint venture with other leading shipping companies indicates that Sovcomflot has achieved high level of technical standards and service level, on par with other leading world sea transportation companies[26]. This translates into greater prestige for Sovcomflot. It entered as part of a joint venture because it required the expertise of other Asian countries which know the local peculiarities.
Firm specific advantagesused on the foreign market	The company’s close ties with Russian government and, by extension, Russian oil and gas producing companies, gives it a general competitive advantage, because constant demand for its services are assured. Sovcomflot also possesses a definite advantage because of its expertise of working in extreme weather conditions and transporting goods through icy water. This might be particularly important in the future as more artic ice melts and companies begin to extract more oil and gas from that region.
First mover or follower	Sovcomflot is the only Russian company to have participated in competition to take part in this Indonesian project. Since Sovcomflot’s acquisition of Novoship, it became the undisputed dominant player in the Russian marine shipping industry.
Type of state involvementin the process of internationalization	The state, as a 100% owner of course has a lot of say in the company’s decisions. The state primarily influences the decisions of the company through its participation in the management of the company. Several prominent politicians are members of the board of directors of Sovcomflot and thus exert influence on the decision-making process.
Evaluationof the success of the internationalization	The internationalization through participation in the project in Indonesia was successful.

Mosgortrans

State influence:
State Unitary Enterprise MOSGORTRANS is the main operator of the surface public transport system in Moscow and largest in Europe. It is a 100% state-owned monopoly: Mosgortrans is a State Unitary Enterprise owned by the city government of Moscow

Internationalization:

Country	No international operations
Year of entry	N/A
Industry/ business area	Operator of surface public transit (bus, trolleybus, tram) in Moscow
Entry mode	N/A
Motives	Reasons for internationalization in general. Why particular country? Why this particular business area?
Firm specific advantagesused on the foreign market	N/A
First mover or follower	First mover in Moscow surface public transit
Type of state involvementin the process of internationalization	N/A
Evaluationof the success of the internationalization	N/A

NCSP

State influence:

NCSP Group is one of the largest European providers of stevedoring and port services[27]. The state’s total ownership stake is 25.3%: 20% is directly though the state agency Rosimuschestvo (Russian property), and 5.3% through companies affiliated with RZD.

Internationalization:

Country	No international activities
Year of entry	N/A
Industry/ business area	· stevedouring and port services, processing oil, grains, wood and containers at the company’s ports in Novorossiysk, Primorsk and Baltiysk · Ship repairs services at the Novorossiysk Shipyard · Towing and tugboat services in Novorossiysk · Storage facilities · Fuel and fertilizer sales ·
Entry mode	N/A: the company provides export services and means of facilitating exports of goods, but does not actually produce anything to export
Motives	N/A
Firm specific advantagesused on the foreign market	N/A
First mover or follower	The company is the largest port operator in Russia. Its competitors include Sovfracht, which operates the Port of Vladivostok and some others.
Type of state involvementin the process of internationalization	N/A
Evaluationof the success of the internationalization	N/A

Fesco

State influence: via ownership or other type? If ownership, please identify the share (calculate if the ownership is indirect) and name the public authority. If other type, please describe.
The state’s ownership stake is 20% though the state agency Rosimuschestvo (Russian property).

Internationalization:

Country
Year of entry
Industry/ business area	· Multimodal shipping services by sea, rail, air, road. Marine shipping particularly in the Far East region (connecting Russian far east with other locations in East Asia and beyond) · Port operations (Vladivostok)
Entry mode	Not applicable: company ships/delivers goods to international locations, but does not produce anything for export or have any overseas assets
Motives	Company was historically concentrated on connecting the Russian Far East with other parts of Russia and the world, and today it continues to build on its historic strength areas, namely, serving the Russian Far East, East Asia, and connecting them to Europe, North America, Europe, etc.
Firm specific advantagesused on the foreign market	· Company owns a great deal of infrastructure and assets in Russia, including its own marine vessels, trains, traincars, port, transportation hubs, trucks, etc[28]. This enables Fesco to keep its costs low and ensure fast service. · In addition, the company has a lot of experience (over 130 years) working in the Russian Far East and knows all the specifics and peculiarities of conducting operations between this region and other parts of the world[29]. · Company takes advantage of Russia’s strategic position between Europe and Asia and its size. Although many companies operate on similar routes (e.g. USA-Europe or USA-China), Fresco is able to offer unique solutions, such as shipping from USA to Central Asia, which few other companies can offer.
First mover or follower	First mover in shipping to/from the Russian Far East: Fesco used to be a state-owned company and has a long history dating back to the times of Tsarist Russia. However, with globalization of international shipping industry it faces a lot of competition on certain shipping routes (for example Asia-North America).
Type of state involvementin the process of internationalization	As the company used to be state-owned during the Soviet times, its policy and entry onto international markets was originally state-controlled. In case of some shipping routes, the company continues to serve routes established during the Soviet times on government orders/directives.
Evaluationof the success of the internationalization	International transportation services constitute a significant part of Fresco’s operations. Since the company on the whole is quite successful, one can conclude that its international activities are also successful.

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