Complete the following sentences using the text.

1. Leadership is organizing a group of ….

2. The search for the characteristics of leaders ….

3. Leadership is rooted in the characteristics that ….

4. The idea that leadership is based on individual attributes is known as ….

5. Using early research techniques, researchers conducted over a hundred studies to distinguish ….

6. In the middle of the 20th century researchers took a different view of ….

7. It is posited that individuals can be effective in certain ….

Answer the following questions.

1. What is the definition of the term «leadership»?

2. Do all leaders have formal authority?

3. What kind of theories have the students of leadership produced?

4. Is the search for the traits of leaders an ongoing process?

5. What famous philosophers explored the qualities of leaders?

6. What was the early assumption of leadership?

7. What are the characteristics that distinguish leaders from nonleaders?

8. What was the view of the driving forces behind leadership in the late 1940s and early 1950s?

Vocabulary

11. Read and remember the following words and word-combinations:

1)	functional leadership theory – функциональная теория лидерства	8)	to take care of – заботиться, проявлять внимание
2)	whatever [(h)wɔt'evə]–что бы ни	9)	effectiveness [ɪ'fektɪvnəs] – действенность, эффективность, результативность, производительность
3)	cohesion [kəu'hiːʒ(ə)n] – единство, спаянность, сплочённость	10)	transactional leader – трансакционный (деловой) лидер
4)	subordinate [sə'bɔːd(ə)nət] – подчинённый	11)	reward [rɪ'wɔːd] – вознаграждать
5)	efficient [ɪ'fɪʃ(ə)nt] – действенный, результативный	12)	desired outcome – желаемый результат
6)	transformational leader – трансформационный лидер	13)	chain of command – порядок соподчиненности в организации, цепь инстанций
7)	perception [pə'sepʃ(ə)n] – восприятие	14)	stakeholder – заинтересованное лицо

12. Match the columns:

1) emotion-laden process	1) собственный интерес
2) perceive [pə'siːv]	2) политическая директива
3) social influence process	3) процесс эмоциональной нагрузки
4) entwine [ɪn'twaɪn]	4) новая теория эмерджентного (внезапно возникшего) лидера
5) leader's mood	5) процесс социального влияния
6) affective event	6) определенные модели лидерского поведения
7) сertain leader behaviors	7) эмоциональное событие (мероприятие)
8) neo-emergent leadership theory	8) настроение лидера
9) political command	9) сплетать, переплетать
10) inherent interest	10) воспринимать, понимать, осознавать

Reading and Analysis

Read the text and be ready to answer the questions.

Text B

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