Total fixed assets 700

Current assets

Raw materials } (3) goods

Work-in-progress } held in 200

Finished goods } storage

Debtors 90

Cash in bank 60

Total current assets 350

Current liabilities

(4) People owed money 80

(5) Money owed to the bank 50

(6) Money owed to the government 35

Total current liabilities 165

(7) Net current assets 185

Net assets 885

CAPITAL

(8) Money invested in the company and represented by shares

(9) Shares paying a variable dividend to shareholders 500

(10) Shares paying a fixed dividend to shareholders 300

(11) Shares held in a special fund used to pay off

creditors if the company goes into liquidation 85

Total 885

Reading

1. Read text 10 using your dictionary to help with new words.

TEXT 10

Financial statements

The profit and loss account

The profit and loss account is a statement of the amount of profit or loss a business has made in a period of time. For convenience and ease of interpretation the information is contained in three sections.

1. The trading account This includes the revenue from sales and the costs associated with producing those sales.

· Revenue - Cost of sales = Gross profit

2. The profit and loss account Payments such as interest and directors' fees are deducted from the gross profit to give net profit before tax. Tax is then deducted to give net profit after tax.

Table 7 A profit and loss account Profit and loss account for year ending 30 June 2005 £000 £000 £000
SALES
Cost of sales
GROSS PROFIT
Less OVERHEADS
Administration
Wages and salaries
Stationery
Heat and light
Rates, rent, insurance
Depreciation
Finance:
Interest
Bad debts
Selling:
Salaries
Distribution
Advertising
Net profit
Corporation tax
Net profit after tax
Ordinary share dividend
Reserves

3. The appropriation account To appropriate means to set aside for a purpose or to make something the private property of an individual or an organization. The appropriation account tells interested parties how the business has used the net profit after tax. A company's appropriation account would include the amount distributed to shareholders, the amount transferred to general reserve and the retained profit. The presentation of a profit and loss account is shown in Table 7.

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