А few explanations to the text.

1....the first joints of the fingers - первыми фалангами пальцев

2.... for а vast number of purposes. - для многих целей

3.... and they can be easier machined. -и их легче обработать

4. Key / vocabulary expressions

to consider [kən'sidə]- v рассматривать, обсуждать; обдумывать

cross-section ['krosəkʃn]- п поперечное сечение, поперечный разрез, профиль

to derive (from) - v получать; извлекать; происходить

froth [froθ] - пена; v пениться

to handle [hǽndl]- v брать руками, держать в руках

impermeability [im pə:mjə'biliti] - п непроницаемость; гeрметичность

kiln [kiln] - п печь дпя обжига

mortar ['mo:tə] - п раствор

plywood [' plaiwu:d] - п фанера

to resist [ri'zist] - v сопротивляться

sawdust ['so:d^st] - п опилки

span - п промежуток времени, период времени

to subject [sab' d3ekt] - v (to) подвергать; подчинять

tensile ['tensail] - adj растяжимый

veneer [vi'niə] - п шпон, фанера

*5. Prove the following statements with the help of the text:

1. Timber is provided by different kinds of trees.

2. There exists variety of bricks.

3. Natural stone is not so widely used.

4. Plastics are artificial material used in construction work for a great number of purposes.

5. Laminate is a material having some advantages over some other materials.

6. Foamed glass is widely used in prefabricated house building.

*6. Match the beginnings of the sentences (A) to their ends (B) using the information from the text.

A

B

1 Timbers used for building purposes 2. А brick is best described 3. There exists variety of bricks for different purposes: 4. Sometimes natural stones such as marble, granite, 5.Plasticsare artificial materials used 6. Laminateis а strong material 7. А lot of decorative plastics, now available, 8. Foamed glass is а high-porosity heat insulating material

a. as а "building unit". b. are divided into two groups called softwoods and hardwoods. c. widely used in prefabricated house building, to ensure heat insulation of exterior wall panels, and in industrial con­struction. d. manufactured from many layers of paper or textile impregnated with thermosetting resins. e. used in construction work for a vast number of purposes f. have brought about а revolution in interior and exterior design. g. are used for the construction of dams and foun­dations. h. ordinary, hollow or porous, lightweight, multicolor bricks for decorative pur­poses, etc.

*7. Which of the following sentences describe cement and which concrete.

1. This material is most widely used for the purpose of binding together masonry units such as stone and brick. 2. This material is also known to be the most important component of concrete. 3. This kind of material may be considered an artificial conglomerate of crushed stone, gravel or similar inert material with a mortar. 4. The material which contains alumina has an extremely high rate of strength in crease. 5. The fundamental object in proportioning this material is the production of a durable material of requisite strength, watertightness and other essential properties. 6. The most accurate method of measuring proportions is to weigh the required quantities of each material.

*8. Explain the given notions in English:

A brick, natural stone, metal, plastic, laminate, foamed glass.

E.g. Timber is a building material which is not much used in building construction now. It is more often used in railway engineering, in mining, and in chemical industry now. However timber is used as a building material in the form of boards. Timbers can be divided into two groups: softwoods and hardwoods.

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