Legal status and competence of the President of Ukraine

President of Ukraine is the Head of State and acts on behalf of it. President of Ukraine is the guarantor of state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, compliance with the Constitution of Ukraine, the rights and freedoms of people.

President of Ukraine is elected for a period of 5 years. The same person may hold the position of a president only for two terms. President of Ukraine enjoys the right of immunity during the whole term of his office. He acts on the basis of and pursuant to the Constitution and laws of Ukraine, issues, decrees and directives that are binding on the territory of Ukraine.

As of his competence and official duties, President of Ukraine is entitled to ensure state independence, national security and the legal succession of the state. He also represents Ukraine in international relations, administers the foreign political activity of Ukraine, conducts negotiations and concludes international treaties of Ukraine.

In terms of foreign activities of the State, the President also decides on recognition of foreign states, appoints and dismisses heads of diplomatic missions of Ukraine to other states and international organizations.

The President of Ukraine has the right to terminate powers of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in special cases envisaged in the Constitution of Ukraine).

He submits candidates for Prime Minister of Ukraine, Head of the Security Service of Ukraine, Minister of Defence of Ukraine and Foreign Minister of Ukraine to the Verkhovna Rada. With consent of the mentioned institution, he appoints and dismisses the General Prosecutor of Ukraine.

The President of Ukraine is the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and head of the Council of National Security and Defence of Ukraine.

He appoints and dismisses one-third of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and establishes courts in accordance with the procedure, provided for by the law.

Finally, the President of Ukraine signs laws passed by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and has the right to veto respective laws (except for laws amending the Constitution of Ukraine) with their subsequent return for repeat consideration by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.

МП

1. Галузі МП

Branch of International Law is a set of legal rules governing the relations between subjects of international law in a particular area, which is the specific subject of international law, has universal codification and is characterized by the principles applicable to this particular field of relations.

Traditional branches are often referred to as the branches that have developed in the so-called classical ("old") international law: diplomatic law, law of international treaties, international maritime law and so on.

Components of branches of international law are institutions of law. As a special separated complex (set) of rules of IL Institution of international law governs certain type of international relations of the certain area of ​​international law. Sometimes institutions govern the inter-sector relations. In such case, they are not part of a branch and function as cross-industry, cross-border institutions.

Branches of International Law are: Law of Treaties; diplomatic law, international maritime law, space law, nuclear law, environmental law; law of armed conflict; humanitarian and other areas of law.

2. Сучасні галузі МП

In modern international law new branches have formed (often associated with scientific and technological development). They are: international air law, space law, humanitarian law and institutions of international legal regulation of the Internet.

International humanitarian law is a set of rules which seek, for humanitarian reasons, to limit the effects of armed conflict. It protects persons who are not or are no longer participating in the hostilities and restricts the means and methods of warfare. International humanitarian law is also known as the law of war or the law of armed conflict.

International humanitarian law is part of international law, which is the body of rules governing relations between States. International law is contained in agreements between States – treaties or conventions –, in customary rules, which consist of State practise considered by them as legally binding, and in general principles.

International humanitarian law applies to armed conflicts. It does not regulate whether a State may actually use force; this is governed by an important, but distinct, part of international law set out in the United Nations Charter.

Space law is an area of the law that encompasses national and international law governing activities in outer space. International lawyers have been unable to agree on a uniform definition of the term "outer space", although most lawyers agree that outer space generally begins at the lowest altitude above sea level at which objects can orbit the Earth, approximately 100 km (60 mi) (the Kármán line).

Aviation law is the branch of law that concerns flight, air travel, and associated legal and business concerns. Some of its area of concern overlaps that of admiralty law and, in many cases, aviation law is considered a matter of international law due to the nature of air travel. However, the business aspects of airlines and their regulation also fall under aviation law. In the United States, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) governs applied aspects of flight. In the international realm, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) provides general rules and mediates international concerns to an extent regarding aviation law. The ICAO is a specialized agency of the United Nations

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