Individual work

1. Read the text “History of the English Language”(p. 66) from the section Supplementary Reading.

2. Be ready to discuss in groups the origins and development of English.

3. Prepare a short report using any of the topics below:

· Received Pronunciation (RP) – what is it?

· British dialects

· British English versus American English

· American dialects

UNIT 3

GENRES OF LITERATURE

FAMOUS UKRAINIAN WRITERS AND THEIR WORKS

PRE-READING TASKS

Task 1. Below there is a short piece of information about genres of literature. Read the information and match the definitions with the words. What books of different genres have you recently read?

Genres of literature are important to learn about. The two main categories separating the different genres of literature are fiction and nonfiction. There are several genres of literature that fall under the nonfiction category. Nonfiction sits in direct opposition to fiction. Examples from both the fiction and nonfiction genres of literature are explained in detail below. This detailed list of literature genres is a great resource to share with any scholars.

Types of Nonfiction: Informational text, Narrative Nonfiction, a n Autobiography, aBiography, Speech, Essay.

……………	1)is information based on fact that is presented in a format which tells a story.
……………	2) is a short literary composition that reflects the author’s outlook or point. A short literary composition on a particular theme or subject, usually in prose and generally analytic, speculative, or interpretative.
……………	3)is a written account of another person’s life.
……………	4)gives the history of a person’s life, written or told by that person. Often written in Narrative form of their person’s life.
……………	5)is the faculty or power of speaking; oral communication; ability to express one’s thoughts and emotions by speech, sounds, and gesture. Generally delivered in the form of an address or discourse.
……………	6)deals with an actual, real-life subject. This genre of literature offers opinions or conjectures on facts and reality. This includes biographies, history, essays, speech, and narrative non fiction.

Nonfiction opposes fiction and is distinguished from those fiction genres of literature like poetry and drama which is the next section we will discuss.

Genres of Fiction:Drama, Poetry,Epic,Fantasy, Humor, Fable, Fairy Tale,Novel,Science Fiction, Short Story,Tragedy,Realistic Fiction, Folklore, Historical Fiction, Horror, Legend, Mystery, Mythology, Fiction in Verse.

…………….	1)is the genre of literature that’s subject for compositions is dramatic art in the way it is represented. This genre is stories composed in verse or prose, usually for theatrical performance, where conflicts and emotion are expressed through dialogue and action.
…………….	2)is verse and rhythmic writing with imagery that evokes an emotional response from the reader. The art of poetry is rhythmical in composition, written or spoken. This genre of literature is for exciting pleasure by beautiful, imaginative, or elevated thoughts.
…………….	3)is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation.
…………….	4) is the forming of mental images with strange or other worldly settings or characters; fiction which invites suspension of reality.
…………….	5)is the faculty of perceiving what is amusing or comical. Fiction full of fun, fancy, and excitement which meant to entertain. This genre of literature can actually be seen and contained within all genres.
……………	6)is a story about supernatural or extraordinary people. Usually in the form of narration that demonstrates a useful truth. In Fables, animals often speak as humans that are legendary and supernatural tales.
…………….	7)is a kind of folktale or fable. Sometimes the stories are about fairies or other magical creatures, usually for children.
…………….	8)is a book of long narrative in literary prose. The genre has historical roots both in the fields of the medieval and early modern romance and in the tradition of the novella.
……………	9)is a story based on impact of potential science, either actual or imagined. It is one of the genres of literature that is set in the future or on other planets.
……………	10) is fiction of such briefness that is not able to support any subplots.
…………….	11) is a form of art based on human suffering.
…………….	12) is a story that can actually happen and is true to real life.
…………….	13)songs, stories, myths, and proverbs of a person of “folk” that was handed down by word of mouth. It is a genre of literature that is widely held, but false and based on unsubstantiated beliefs.
…………….	14) is a story with fictional characters and events in a historical setting.
……………	15) is an overwhelming and painful feeling caused by literature that is frightfully shocking, terrifying, or revolting. Fiction in which events evoke a feeling of dread in both the characters and the reader.
…………….	16) is a story that sometimes of a national or folk hero. It is based on fact but also includes imaginative material.
…………….	17) is a genre of fiction that deals with the solution of a crime or the unraveling of secrets. Anything that is kept secret or remains unexplained or unknown.
…………….	18) is a type of legend or traditional narrative. This is often based in part on historical events, that reveals human behavior and natural phenomena by its symbolism; often pertaining to the actions of the gods.
…………….	19) is full-length novels with plot, subplots, themes, with major and minor characters. It is one of the genres of literature in which the narrative is usually presented in blank verse form.

Task 2. With a partner discuss the following questions:

1. What Ukrainian writers do you know?

2. Do you know any interesting facts about their biographies?

3. What was the last book by a Ukrainian writer you read?

4. Why did you choose this book? Did you enjoy it?

5. What genre of literature does it belong to?

Task 3. Have you ever visitedThe National Museum of Taras Shevchenko in Kyiv? At the museum you can see the unique values – original artworks by T. Shevchenko. What do you know about Shevchenko as an artist? Discuss in groups.

Task 4. Look at the picture by T. Shevchenko (Appendix, p. 85). What work of literature does it illustrate? Who is the author of the book?

READING

1. Skim the article by Professor W. K. Matthew (School of Slavonic and
East European Studies, University of London) “The Man and the Symbol” to get the general idea.

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