Higher education in russia

1. Read and translate international words:

Qualification [`kwolifikei∫n], qualified ['kwolifaid], speciality [,spe∫i`æliti], special­ist, special, specialize, engineer [,end i'niә], style, method ['meθәd], distance, system, foundation, course [ko:s], instruction, mathematics [maθi'mætiks], physics ['fiziks], chemistry ['kemistri], history, economics, to concentrate ['konsәntreit], process ['prәuses], progress ['prәugres], industry, standart, laboratory [lә’borәtәri], information technology [tәk’nolod i], computer engineering.

2. Read and remember:

Bachelor ['bæt∫әlә] - бакалавр, higher [haiә] education – высшее образование, highly-qualified – высоко квалифицированный, field [fi:ld] – область, important [im'po:tant] - важный, provide [prә'vaid] - обеспечивать, development [di'velәpmәnt] - развитие, enough [i’nΛf] - достаточно, through [θru:] – через, посредством, thorough ['θΛrә] - всесторонний, quality ['kwoliti] – качество, natural ['næt∫rәl] - естественный, science ['saiәns] - наука, scientist ['saiәntist] - ученый, require [ri'kwaiә] - требовать, curricula [kә'rikjulә] - расписание, foreign ['forin] - иностранный, major ['meid ә]- главный, future ['fju:t∫ә] - будущее, further ['fә:ðә] - дальнейший, research [ri'sә:t∫]– исследование, know [nou] - знать, knowledge [`nolid ]– знание., whole [houl] – весь, целый, satellite [`sætәlait] – спутник, success [sәk’ses] – успех.

3. Read and translate the text:

Higher education plays an important part in the life of any country as it provides the country with highly-qualified specialists for future devel­opment and progress. It trains people to become teachers, engineers, doc­tors and other professional workers.

In all the industrial countries standards of living are steadily chang­ing; this means that the kind of education, which was good enough thir­ty years ago, is not necessary good for them today. Our world changes very rapidly. And this means that styles of teaching, quality of learning materials and organization of the university itself have to be con­tinuously improved. Knowledge and information which comes through the mass media must also be taken into consideration. This information explosion has affected every field of study, especially the natural and applied sciences. The increase of infor­mation requires new methods and new approaches to students' training and instruction.

Entrance to any University is by passing different exams or by the results of Unified State Standard.

The head of a university is Rector. Usually there are several faculties in a university. Each faculty has a number of specialized departments and is headed by dean. The course of studies lasts 5-6 years.

The academic year in this country's higher schools begins on the 1^st of September and is divided into two terms (semesters). The academic year usually lasts 9 months. Students take exams at the end of each semester. If the results of the exami­nations are good students get scholarship. Twice a year students have vaca­tions — two weeks in winter and two months in summer.

The first and second year students obtain thorough instructions in the fundamental sciences of mathematics, physics, chem­istry and drawing as well as computer engineering and a number of oth­ers. The curricula also includes such sub­jects as foreign languages, history and economics. The system of teaching combines lectures for the whole department, tuition in small groups and individual consultations with teaching staff. It is interesting but difficult to study at University, especially for the first-year students as they do not know yet how to organize their work and time

At the third year students get specialized knowledge and begin to concentrate on their special "major" subject and take many courses in this subject. Specialized study and courses will help students to become specialists and prepare them for their future work.

After four years students will get a bachelor's degree. Then the students may go on with their studies and in a year or two of further study and research get a master's degree.

A very good tradition of Universities is that theory is accompa­nied by practical training. Students begin to work at the University's well-equipped laboratories and in senior years at various plants, workshops, design offices and research institutes of this country.

Before graduating from the university students must write and defend a diploma paper on the chosen specialty.

Higher education in this country is free of charge. But a lot of students sponsored by enterprises or pay fees, especially part-time students.

At present a new system of education is introduced in this country — a distance education system. This computer system of learning helps working professionals to continue their education while remaining at their jobs. This system enables people to get knowledge and a good foundation in the sciences basic to his or her field of study. Distance learning has developed over years from satellite video courses to modern videoconfer­encing through personal computers.

The role of computers in education is increasing rapidly. Computers are now essential in many areas of life – modern banking, information technology, medicine, engineering, education and many others.

There are many subjects which may be better taught using computers. Elementary mathematics, elementary language learning, any subject that requires a student to memorize basic facts through repetition is good to computer learning. Computers can provide an endless number of simple questions, and the student answers these questions and the facts are learned.

Education is a process through which you preserve culture, develop knowledge and skills, form values, and exchange information. Education is the way to success!

4. Continue the sentences and translate:

1. Higher education provides …

2. Information explosion has affected …

3. The increase of infor­mation requires …

4. The head of a department is …

5. You can enter university by …

6. The academic year lasts …

7. Students get grants if …

8. The first and second year students obtain …

9. It is difficult to study at University for the first-year students because …

10. At the third year students get …

11. Theory is accompa­nied …. at …

12. Before graduating students defend …

13. A distance education system is …

14. Computers are now essential in …

15. … are subjects that are good to computer learning.

5. Answer the questions:

1. Why does higher education play an important part in our life? Whom does it train?

2. Is education of thirty years old good for us? Why not?

3. Our world changes very rapidly, doesn’t it? What does it mean?

4. How did mass media affect every field of study?

5. Who is the head of University/faculty/department?

6. How long does the course of studies run?

7. What is the way of entering to the University?

8. How many terms are in every academic year?

9. How can a student get a scholarship?

10. When do students get vocations? In your opinion, is it enough? Why?

11. How do first (third/forth)-year students study?

12. At what places do students have practice?

13. What do students do before graduation from the University?

14. Do all students study free? Why not?

15. Whom does a distance education system help? Must these people attend University or not? What are the means (средства) of this system?

16. The role of computers in education is increasing rapidly, isn’t it? Where are computers essential now (your own examples)?

17. Can we learn all subjects with the help of the computer? In what way does a computer help learning facts?

18. Do you agree that education is the way to success? Why?

6. Give Russian equivalents and learn by heart:

To provide students with higher education, thorough development and progress, to train foreign specialists, quality of teaching and learning material, necessary enough, to improve qualification, special knowledge of natural sciences, to provide distance education through satellites, to require new methods and approaches, highly-qualified scientists, twice a year, to divide into two terms, to concentrate on major subject, the quality of research, take into consideration important courses, well-equipped laboratories, to pay fees, to remain free of charge, to increase rapidly, to memorize basic facts through repetition, to answer endless questions, to require elementary language learning, to preserve culture and skills, the way to success.

7. Give English equivalents and learn by heart:

Расписание, обучение (2), преподавательский состав, прикладные науки, индивидуальные курсы, специалист, степень бакалавра и магистра, практика, фабрика, мастерская, исследовательский институт, инженер, промышленная страна, теория, предприятие, область изучения, важный во многих областях, современные информационные технологии, обеспечивать вопросы и ответы, ценность.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16