Natural world in danger.

CLIMATE (CLIMATE CHANGES).

Climate is the weather a certain place has over a long period of time. Climate has a very important influence on plants, animals and humans and is different in different parts of the world.

Russia is the largest country of the world. It lies on a huge territory from the coast of the Pacific Ocean to the centre of Europe and its climate in the north, south, east and west is very different. In the west for example, the climate is usually mild and wet. At the same time the coldest place on the planet is in the north of Siberia [saɪ'bɪərɪə], while in the south of Russia there is a lot of Sunshine and the heat in summer can be really terrible. Summer and winter temperatures are very different in different cities and towns of our country.

But recently the climate has changed a lot in our country, especially in its European part. Some scientists think the world is becoming hotter. If you compare Moscow’s winter and summer temperatures at the beginning of the century and at its end you will see that the climate has really changed. Winters have become warmer.

Many people say that it is so because of the greenhouse effect. It works like this: sunlight gives us heat. Some of the heat warms the atmosphere, and some of the heat goes back into space. Nowadays the air surrounding the earth has become much warmer because the heat can’t go back into space. That’s why winter and summer temperatures in many places have become higher.

During the last 100 years people have produced a lot of carbon dioxide ['kɑːb(ə)n daɪ'ɔksaɪd]. People and animals breathe in oxygen, and breathe out carbon dioxide. We produce carbon dioxide when we burn things. Trees take this gas from the air and produce oxygen. But people have cut down a lot of forests.

Carbon dioxide works like glass in a greenhouse. It lets heat get in, but it doesn’t let much heat get out.

So, the climate changes from year to year. These changes can be dangerous for our fragile planet which needs protection.

NATURAL WORLD IN DANGER.

The word “environment” means what is around us. Some people live in a town environment; some people live in the countryside. Air, soil, water are all parts of the environment.

Nowadays people understand how important it is to solve the environmental problems that endanger people’s lives. The most serious environmental problems are:

· pollution;

· noise from cars, buses, planes;

· destruction of wildlife and the beauty of the countryside;

· shortage of natural resources;

· the growth of population.

There are several types of pollution: water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution. Nowadays there is no ocean or sea which is not used as a dump. The Pacific Ocean, especially, has suffered from nuclear pollution because the French Government tests nuclear weapons there. Many seas are used for dumping industrial and nuclear waste. This poisons and kills fish and sea animals. This fish can be eaten by people.

Дата добавления: 2015-11-16