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Test questions

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  5. Answer the following questions on the text.
  6. Answer the questions in writing.
  7. Ex. 4. Answer the receptionist's questions.
1. A common measure used for international comparisons of workforce performance is:
A. the total number or workers employed in the service sector
B. unit labour costs
C. basic holiday entitlements and hours of work
D. average earnings
   
2. The value of output per worker employed in Russia has more than doubled since the early 1960s. The most likely reason for this is:
A. an increase in the working population
B. falling prices
C. a shorter working week
D. technological advance
   
  Questions 3 – 5 share the following answer options:
A. Imported inflation
B. Cost push inflation
C. Demand pull inflation
D. Deflation
  Which of the above types of price inflation will the following changes tend to give rise to?
3. Rising real wages outstripping labour productivity improvements
4. Rising aggregate demand for goods and services outstripping the growth in total supply
5. A fall in the value of Russian rubble in the world foreign currency markets
   
6. Which of the following is an invisible import to Russia?
A. Japanese investment in Russia
B. A Russian resident taking a holiday in Spain
C. Russian machinery sold abroad
D. A Greek shipping firm insuring their fleet in Russia
   
  Questions 7 – 9 share the following answer options:
A. Competition policy
B. Monetary policy
C. Trade policy
D. Fiscal policy
  Which of the above policies do the following actions concern?
7. Removing tariff and non-tariff barriers
8. Regulating restrictive practices of dominant firms in markets
9. Lowering interest rates to stimulate business investment
   
10. Which of the following is not an objective of the European Union?
A. Establishing a single European currency
B. Developing common monetary policy
C. Creating a customs union
D. Restricting inward investment
   
  Questions 11 – 13 share the following answer options:
A. Youth training schemes (YTS)
B. Learning credits
C. Modern apprenticeships
D. National Education and Training Targets
  Which of the above government initiatives to improve the skills of the workforce do the following describe?
11. Work-based training courses in particular trades for over-19-year-olds
12. Vouchers for 16-19-year-olds to exchange for participation in further education courses provided by schools and colleges
13. Guaranteed 2-year work placements for all under-19-year-olds not in full-time education or work
   
14. · What is meant by international ‘competitiveness’? · Suggest and explain two measures of competitiveness. · Suggest and explain three policies the government could use to improve competitiveness. · Suggest three strategies a firm might devise to help improve its ability to fight international competition. · What is ‘price inflation’? · Give three reasons why an important objective of the government is to maintain low and stable price inflation. · Suggest and explain three major potential causes of price inflation. · List and explain two major policy initiatives the government is using in an attempt to improve competitiveness.
15. A headline from the Daily Mirror (Dec. 93) read: ‘GATT trade truce means cheaper prices and 400,000 new jobs.’ · Explain how the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade has the potential to create employment and business opportunities in Russia. · Briefly describe what has happened to Russia’s share of world exports over time, and suggest two possible reasons for these changes. · What is the purpose of the Single European Market in the European Union? · Give two examples of Russian businesses and suggest why they present both a threat and an opportunity to the companies in the EU member countries, such as the UK and Germany.

 

Case Study

The Economist magazine has asked you to a two-page article (the equivalent of around 10 – 12 pages of A4 script) on Russian competitiveness and effort by the Russian government to improve it. The following structure of your article is suggested:

1. A brief introduction explaining what is competitiveness and a summary of recent trends in Russia.

2. A detailed examination of Russian economic performance through time in comparison with major overseas competitors.

3. Economic performance indicators may include: GDP, price inflation, levels of investment, exchange rates, shares of world trade, productivity. You should explain what each of these indicators are and why they are important.

4. A discussion of how the WTO may affect Russian export markets and GDP growth.

5. A discussion of Russian government strategies and policy measures aimed at improving competitiveness

6. A detailed discussion of how government measures to improve competitiveness are affecting one business organisation of your choice.

7. An examination of the strategies the same organisation has devised itself to improve its ability to fight international competition. How successful have these strategies been for the firm?

The article should include relevant computer generated graphs and tables using data from a variety of sources.


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