The stock markets

7.1 About Business

1. stock market	a place where stocks and shares are bought and sold = stock exchange	фондовый рынок
2. venture capital	money lent to someone so that they can start a new business	вложенный с риском капитал
3. to establish	to set up	основывать
4. unlisted public company	a company that can have an unlimited number of shareholders to raise capital for any commercial venture	непубличная компания
5. consolidated financial reports	financial information presentation in which all financial transactions are combined	сводный финансовый отчёт; объединённые данные
6. requirements / to require	requirement - something that is necessary to require - to ask for something	требование требовать
7. considerable stake	fairly large share in business	значительная доля
8. ipo – initial public offering	the first time that stock in a company is available for the public to buy on the stock market	первичное размещение акций
9. buyback	a repurchase of stock by the company that issued it	обратный выкуп

7.2 Vocabulary –Dealing with figures

1. approximately	almost exact	приблизительно
2. exchange rate	the value of the money of one country compared to the money of another country	курс валют
3. to fluctuate	to keep changing, becoming higher or lower	варьироваться
4. stagnant / stagnation	being in a bad position a period in a development when nothing happens	неразвивающийся/ период застоя
5. to remain stable	to stay at the same point, not to change for some period of time	сохранять стабильность
6. previous quarter	previous period of three month	предыдущий квартал
7. to show a gradual decrease	to become less or to go to a lower level	показывать постепенный спад
8. a considerable rise	an significant or important rise	значительный рост
9. to increase fractionally / fraction	to increase by an unimportant or insignificant amount	незначительно расти/повышаться
10. trade surplus	the amount by which the value of the goods that a country sells to other countries is more than the value of the goods it buys from them	положительный торговый баланс

7.4 Speaking – Negotiations – making offers, agreeing deadlines

1. we should get down to business	We should start discussing business	Нам следует приступить к делу.
2. It can’t be done. No way!	It is impossible to do something, because it is unaccepted	Нельзя так делать. Этого не может быть!
3. let’s say	Used to say you think something is true, although you are uncertain about it	Предположим
4. to agree on payment within 10 days	To decide together that payment should be done not later than in 10 days	Согласиться на оплату в течении 10 дней.
5. to charge another 2%	To ask for 2 % moreabove the pay that has been discussed	Запросить дополнительно 2%
6. only if the price includes shipping costs	Only if expenses for transportation are included into price	Только если цена включает затраты по транспортировке
7. I think we have a deal.	I think we agree on this point	Я думаю, мы договорились.
8. If we are happy with the quality	If we are satisfied with the features of your product	Если нас удовлетворит качество
9. I’m afraid it’s not enough	I think that you should offer us more	Боюсь, этого не достаточно
10. It was great doing business with you.	It was pleasant to work with you	Было приятно иметь дело с Вами…

7.5 Writing – Describing figures

1. a share price stood at US 2$	A price for one share was US 2$	цена акции была 2 дол.
2. sales of soft drinks increased by over 40%	the amount of sold non-alcoholic drinks grew by over 40%	продажи безалкогольных напитков выросли на более чем 40%
3. production fell to 500 units	Production went down to the lowest point, which is 500 units	производство упало до 500 единиц продукта
4. as a result of the stronger euro	Happening because the other currency is stronger	из-за того, что евро – более сильная валюта
5. due to a strike	Because of strike action	из-за, по причине забастовки
6. because of shortages in the supply of oil	Because there is not enough oil	из-за недостачи поставок нефти
7. the fall in interest rates	The decrease in the percentage amount charged for something	падение процентных ставок
8. to plummet from…to…	To decrease quickly from one point to another	резко упасть с…до
9. announcement of the massive order	An important, official statement of a very large order	уведомление о крупном заказе
10. slightly	A little	слегка

7.6 Case Study – Trading stocks

1. to invest in shares / investment	to buy shares, property, or goods because you hope that the value will increase and you can make a profit	вкладывать деньги в акции
2. blue-chip companies	companies or shares that make a profit and are considered safe	компания, пользующаяся доверием инвесторов
3. bonds	an official document promising that a government or company will pay back money that it has borrowed	облигации
4. fixed interest rate	amount of money that the investor gets from the profit of the business, which cannot be changed	фиксированный процент
5. environmental factor	environmental change, which can be one of several things that has influenced or caused a certain situation	фактор внешней среды
6. market stability	market’s condition of being stable and not changing	стабильность рынка
7. to swap / swap	to exchange, to give something to somebody and get something in return	поменяться
8. to triple	to increase three times	увеличиться в три раза
9. to affect profitability	to influence profits of the company	повлиять на доход
10. vehicle	a machine with an engine that is used to take people or things from one place to another, such as a car, bus, or truck	сухопутное средство передвижения

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