Agreement

Exercise 1. Replace the infinitives in brackets by the correct form of the verb, paying attention to the rules of agreement.

1. Everybody on the plane (was, were) buckling his seat belt. 2. According to Josephine, each of the French perfumes (has, have) an appeal of its own. 3. Along the curb (was, were) parked a Pinto, two Datsuns, and a Fiat. 4. Tuesday was one of those sombre November days that (remind, reminds) us that winter will soon be upon us. 5. William Blake, with the help of his wife, (was, were) able to publish “Songs of Innocence” in 1789. 6. There (is, are) a drug store, a florist shop, and a toy shop across the street from my apartment. 7. Judy told me that “Islands in the Stream” (is, are) serving as the basis for her critical report on Hemingway. 8. The committee (is, are) submitting separate reports of the investigation to Mr.Holmes. 9. The one vegetable that the child will eat (is, are) turnip greens. 10. Both the New York Times and the Washington Post (has, have) front-page stories about the Nobel prize winners. 11. “The Cleaners” (is, are) a famous painting by Jean Millet. 12. None of the violinists (is, are) expected to practise today. 13. The mother cat along with her kittens (was, were) rushing toward the bowl of warm milk. 14. (Don’t, Doesn’t) everyone want to conclude this tedious discussion as quickly as possible? 15. Neither the grass nor the hedges (has, have) been trimmed since early fall. 16. In one of the closets downstairs (is, are) either my raincoat or your poncho. 17. It is I who (is, am) responsible for doing the work in time. 18. Sam, as well as she, (needs, need) underwear for the cold winter. 19. Thomas, together with James and William, (was, were) drafted into the Army. 20. Neither the teacher nor the pupils (is, are) in the building. 21. My best friend and advisor (has, have) gone. 22. The public (has, have) been warned. 23. A simple majority (is, are) sufficient to elect a candidate to office. 24. Neither the boy nor the girl (is, are) to blame for the accident. 25. All the family (was, were) deeply involved in the war. 26. The family (has, have) gone about their several duties. 27. One third of the peaches (was, were) ruined. 28. The King’s eldest son and heir (was, were) only six years old. 29. One third of our collection (is, are) kept in an underground, air-conditioned vault and (is, are) never placed on exhibit. 30. Bread and butter (is, are) all the princess has to eat with her tea. 31. No matter how fast some may drive, fifty-five miles per hour (is, are) the speed limit. 32. The trousers that (was, were) returned by the cleaner belong to either Lewis or Clark. 33. An early analysis of the results (show, shows) that the socialists have won. 34. Economics (has, have) become an increasingly popular course at university. 35. The economics of the plan (is, are) worrying investors. 36. Diabetes (is, are) an illness caused by too much sugar in the blood. 37. The latest news of the earthquake survivors (is, are) very disturbing. 38. I would say that about 50 per cent of the houses (needs, need) major repairs. 39. The number of books in the library (has, have) risen to over five million. 40. A number of refugees (has, have) been turned back at the border. 41. We’ve got two cars, but neither of them (is, are) particularly new. 42. Either of the dentists (is, are) available. Which one do you want to see?

Object

Exercise 1. Point out the kind of object and say what it is expressed by. Translate into Armenian.

1. Thomas shook his head, closed his eyes, but no stories came to him, no words or music. He just wanted to go home, to lie in his bed and let the dreams tell the stories for him. 2. You have no reason to be apprehensive of the future. 3. Lead a healthy life and you will have no problems with your health. 4. He added half humorously, “I will give you a week’s time”. 5. He spent more than an hour in dressing, watching every stage of his toilet carefully in the mirror. 6. I was perfectly capable of managing on my own, but he insisted on helping me. 7. He remained deaf to the girl’s requests for help. 8. They hated Thomas for his courage. 9. He died of a heart attack in his trailer and nobody found him for a week. 10. Beware of being too impatient with others. 11. You must sell your children on reading. 12. In the 90’s Armenia switched over to market economy. 13. My first girlfriend left me for a guy in prison. 14. Julia found it very pleasant to sit there in the shade, looking at the river. 15. He found himself much more interested in management. 16. Then he had taken to directing. 17. Lady Charles for a moment did not quite know what to say. 18. Pollution causes many problems in American cities. 19. Amy’s purse is crammed with lots of stuff. 20. Conscious of his guilt, the boy blushed and dropped his eyes. 21. Victor gave his girlfriend a surprise present for Valentine’s Day. 22. Remember to bring your rubber boots. 23. I’m not really dressed for swimming. 24. Never become addicted to alcohol. 25. Alexander Pope was praised for the subtlety of his wit. 26. I was completely ignorant of his intentions. 27. Kate was involved in working out a puzzle. 28. The witness’ behaviour gave rise to serious suspicions. 29. This led the therapist to question Jim about his parents and their marriage. 30. The boys kept their eyes glued to the football match. To their great joy their team scored three goals in the first half of the match. 31. Jim began to outshine me in sports. 32. She dreamt strange dreams. 33. Some dog owners have their little consideration for other people. 34. She could hardly prevent herself from laughing aloud. 35. Well, I just didn’t find it possible to speak to such a creature. 36. She smiled a knowing smile. 37. I liked it there, and I began slowly to get back to work. 38. The play got terrible reviews and died a quick death.

Exercise 2. Insert prepositions where necessary.

1. The elegant lady gave … me a very icy look. 2. I owed … the Tax Collector so much money there just didn’t seem to be any way I could possibly pay … him off and keep myself alive. 3. He told … no one … his experiment. 4. The poor astonished father looked … the son and saw himself and felt again the love he had long ago felt … his unborn kids. 5. I was genuinely sorry to part … him. 6. My mother thanked … him … his concern and told him that we were fine. 7. Is Mel going to bring … us … any hamburgers? 8. To be obeyed was natural … her but she accepted obedience with humility. 9. She had only contempt … herself. 10. She was beginning to feel a trifle impatient … him. 11. We felt terribly annoyed … their behaviour. 12. She soon got tired … waiting. 13. He condemned … death most of the peasants who had taken part in the rebellion. 14. The twins told all their secrets … their mothers. 15. He showed less pity … his victims than any other tyrant in history. 16. I believe … the supreme worth of the individual and … his right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. (John Rockefeller) 18. She refused to be dictated … by anyone. 19. He fell asleep … his work.

Exercise 3. Translate the following sentences with the formal it as object into Armenian.

1. They consider it wrong to smoke in public places. 2. I think it indecent of you to poison the child against his parents. 3. Don’t you find it strange of Mr. Clark to abstain from voting? 4. Do you find it easy convincing him? 5. I consider it impossible to follow his recommendations. 6. He found it thrilling to climb Elbrus. 7. I don’t think it necessary to speak about it in their presence. 8. I felt it unreasonable of Emily to leave without saying a word. 9. Gerald felt it somewhat unwise to pursue the subject. 10. He found it hazardous joining that dangerous expedition. 11. The accused thought it best to deny everything. 12. We consider it unfair to sentence him to life imprisonment.

Exercise 4. Translate into English using the formal it as object.

1. γñÍáõÙ»Ù` ÇÝÓ Ñ³Ù³ñ Ñ»ßï ãÇ ÉÇÝÇ Ùáé³Ý³É ³Û¹ ¹»åùÁ: 2. Üñ³Ý ï³ñûñÇÝ³Ï Ãí³ó, áñ»ë áã ÙÇ Ñ³ñó ãïí»óÇ: 3. Ø»ñϳë³éáõÛóÁ ³ÝÑݳñÇÝ ¹³ñÓñ»ó Ù»ù»Ý³ í³ñ»ÉÁ: 4. ¸áõù ϳñÍáõÙ (·ïÝáõÙ)»ù` ѳñÙ³±ñ ¿ Ýñ³Ý ³Ûë ųÙÇÝ ½³Ý·³Ñ³ñ»ÉÁ: 5. ÆÝãáõ± ¹áõ ѳñÏ ã»ë ѳٳñáõ٠ѳÛïÝ»É Ýñ³Ý ³Û¹ ÷³ëïÁ: 6. ØDZû ¹áõù ã»ù Ùï³ÍáõÙ, áñ íï³Ý·³íáñ ¿ ³ÝóÝ»É ÷áÕáóÁ, ³é³Ýó Éáõë³Ýß³ÝÇ íñ³ áõß³¹ñáõÃÛáõÝ ¹³ñÓÝ»Éáõ: 7. ¸»Ï³ÝÁ ϳñÍáõÙ (·ïÝáõÙ) ¿, áñ ³Û¹ù³Ý Ñ³×³Ë ¹³ë»ñÇó µ³ó³Ï³Û»ÉÁ ³ÝÝ»ñ»ÉÇ ¿:

1. Думаю, мне нелегко будет забыть этот случай. 2. Ему показалось странным, что я не задал ни одного вопроса. 3. Гололед сделал вождение машины невозможным. 4. Вы считаете удобным звонить ему в это время? 5. Почему вы считаете ненужным сообщить ему об этом факте? 6. Неужели вы не думаете, что опасно переходить улицу, не обращая внимание на светофор? 7. Декан считает, что непростительно так часто пропускать занятия.

Exercise 5. Change the place of indirect or prepositional objects where possible, making all other necessary changes.

1. It costs him no effort to execute his disreputable task. 2. Standing on the ladder, she blew a kiss to her brother. 3. Somehow it was not so difficult to forgive him anything. 4. It was difficult to explain the problem to beginners. 5. He gave his children the best education. 6. My mother bought me a new coat. 7. I will show Mr. Clark his room. 8. Show me a thoroughly satisfied man. 9. Surely you can spare me a few minutes. 10. She explained to them what to do in an emergency. 11. She described the situation to her husband. 12. The scientists demonstrated their method to their colleagues. 13. I am afraid we must refuse you a pay rise. 14. You can forgive him anything. 15. He promised a bicycle to his grandchildren. 16. Josie had offered her services as a guide. 17. The project is still causing him a lot of problems.

Exercise 6. Translate into English.

1. ìÇñ³µáõÛÅÁ óáõó³¹ñ»ó áõë³ÝáÕÝ»ñÇÝ Ýáñ µÅßÏ³Ï³Ý ë³ñù³íáñáõÙÁ: 2. »ÛÉáñÁ Ëáëï³ó³í Ýñ³Ý 500 ¹áɳñ ³Ûë ³ß˳ï³ÝùÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: 3. ¶áÉëáõáñëÇÝ §ê³·³ üáñë³ÛÃÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇݦ ·ÇñùÁ ÓáÝ»É ¿ Çñ ÏÝáçÁ: 4. ²ÕçÇÏÁ Ëݹñ»ó ï³ïÇÏÇÝ Çñ»Ý Ýáñ Ñ»ùdzà å³ïÙ»É: 5. ÀÝïñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÇó ³é³ç ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ·áñÍÇãÝ»ñÁ ß³ï É³í µ³Ý»ñ»Ý Ëáëï³ÝáõÙ ÁÝïñáÕÝ»ñÇÝ: 6. ÆÝÓ Ýϳñ³·ñ»óÇÝ Ýñ³ ³ñï³ùÇÝÁ, µ³Ûó»ë ³é³Ýó ³Û¹ ¿É Ï׳ݳã»Ç Ýñ³Ý: 7. à±í ¿ Ó»ñ ïÕ³ÛÇÝ Ù³Ã»Ù³ïÇϳ ¹³ë³í³Ý¹»É ¹åñáóáõÙ: 8. гÛñÁ ½·áõß³óñ»ó Ýñ³Ý ³Û¹ ù³ÛÉÇ Ñ»ï¨³ÝùÝ»ñÇ Ù³ëÇÝ: 9. ØDZû»ñ»Ë³Ý»ñÇÝ ã»Ý µ³ó³ïñ»É ³Û¹åÇëÇ µ³é»ñÇ áõÕÕ³·ñáõÃÛáõÝÁ: 10. ¸áõù å»ïù ¿ Ý»ñ»ù Ýñ³Ý Çñ ³Ý÷áñÓáõÃÛ³Ý Ñ³Ù³ñ: ⿱ áñ ݳ ¹»é»ñÏáõ ³ÙÇë ¿ ³ß˳ïáõÙ ³Ûëï»Õ: 11. ¸áõ ï³ñûñÇÝ³Ï ã»ë ѳٳñáõÙ, áñ êÇݹÇÝ»ñµ»ù ãÇ ÑÇß³ï³ÏáõÙ Çñ ùñáç Ù³ëÇÝ: 12. ØÇëÇë Èááõñ»ÝëÇ µáÉáñ ³ß³Ï»ñïÝ»ñÁ å³ñï³Ï³Ý»Ý Ýñ³Ý Çñ»Ýó ·Çï»ÉÇùÝ»ñÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ: 13. â¿ñ ϳñ»ÉÇ ãݳ˳ÝÓ»É Ýñ³ ³ñï³ëáíáñ ÑÇßáÕáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: 14. î³Ý»É ã»Ù ϳñáÕ,»ñµ ÇÝÓ ÁݹѳïáõÙ»Ý: 15. Ò»½ ³Ûëï»Õ ¹áõ±ñ ¿ ·³ÉÇë: ƱÝã ï»ë³ñÅ³Ý í³Ûñ»ñ»ù ï»ë»É: 16. ²ÝÇÙ³ëï ¿ áñ¨Çó» ÷³ëï³ñÏ µ»ñ»É: ØǨÝáõÛÝ ¿ Ù»½ ã»Ý ÉëÇ: 17. àã áù»ñµ»ù ãÇ Ï³ëÏ³Í»É Ýñ³ ³½ÝíáõÃÛ³ÝÁ: 18. ܳ ٳѳó³í Ñ»ñáëÇ Ù³Ñáí: 19. îÕ³Ý Ååï³ó Ëáñ³Ù³ÝÏ ÅåÇïáí` ³ÏݳñÏ»Éáí, áñ Çñ»Ý ÇÝã-áñ µ³Ý ѳÛïÝÇ ¿: 20. ¸³ï»Éáí Ýñ³ ¹»ÙùÇ ³ñï³Ñ³ÛïáõÃÛáõÝÇó` ÝáñáõÃÛáõÝÝ»ñÁ Ñáõë³¹ñáÕ ã»Ý: 21. ò³ÝϳÝáõÙ»Ù, áñ Ýáñ³åë³ÏÝ»ñÁ ³åñ»Ý»ñϳñ ¨»ñç³ÝÇÏ ÏÛ³Ýùáí:

1. Хирург продемонстрировал студентам новый медицинский прибор. 2. Тейлор пообещал ему 500 долларов за эту работу. 3. Голсуорси посвятил своей жене “Сагу о Форсайтах”. 4. Девочка попросила бабушку рассказать ей новую сказку. 5. Перед выборами политики обещают своим избирателям много хорошего. 6. Мне описали его внешность, но я узнала бы его и без этого. 7. Кто преподавал вашему сыну математику в школе? 8. Отец предупредил его о последствиях этого шага. 9. Разве детям не объяснили правописание таких слов? 10. Вы должны простить ему его неопытность. Ведь он работает здесь всего два месяца. 11. Ты не находишь странным, что Синди никогда не упоминает о своей сестре. 12. Все ученики миссис Лоуренс обязаны ей своими знаниями. 13. Нельзя было не позавидовать его необыкновенной памяти. 14. Терпеть не могу, когда меня прерывают. 15. Вам здесь нравится? Какие достопримечательности вы видели? 16. Бессмысленно приводить какие-либо аргументы. Все равно нас не послушают. 17. Никто никогда не сомневался в его честности. 18. Он умер смертью героя. 19. Мальчик улыбнулся хитрой улыбкой, намекая, что ему кое-что известно. 20. Судя по выражению его лица, новости не обнадеживают. 21. Желаю молодоженам прожить долгую и счастливую жизнь.

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